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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
Trust-Aware Joint Feature-Prediction Discrepancy for Robu...
Xi Ding, Lei Wang, Syuan-Hao Li, Yongsheng Gao · 2026-05-24 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Domain adaptation aims to mitigate performance degradation caused by distribution shifts between a labeled source domain and an unlabeled or sparsely labeled target domain. Most existing approaches estimate domain discrepancy either in feature space or in prediction space. However, these single-perspective strategies overlook a critical problem under domain shift: the reliability of the signals used for alignment. In practice, both learned representations and semantic predictions may become unreliable, and treating all target samples equally can lead to misleading alignment and suboptimal transfer. We introduce trust-aware domain adaptation, a principled framework that models domain discrepancy through the reliability of feature and prediction signals. Central to our approach is the Joint Feature-Prediction Discrepancy (JFPD), a unified formulation that jointly captures representation divergence and prediction divergence while weighting their contributions by sample-specific trust. Trust is quantified via two complementary mechanisms: uncertainty-aware trust, derived from prediction entropy to suppress unreliable predictions, and semantic-alignment trust, computed from prototype similarity in feature space to emphasize well-aligned representations. By prioritizing confident and semantically consistent samples while down-weighting noisy or ambiguous ones, JFPD provides a reliability-aware estimate of domain discrepancy. We further integrate JFPD into a training objective that guides adaptation toward trustworthy regions of the target domain. Experiments on standard benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed framework consistently achieves superior adaptation performance and yields discrepancy estimates that correlate with target-domain error. This work addresses, for the first time, the importance of modeling trust in the interaction between features and predictions for domain adaptation.