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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
Support-Contra Asymmetry in LLM Explanations
Avinash Patil · 2025-10-24 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly produce natural language explanations alongside their predictions, yet it remains unclear whether these explanations reference predictive cues present in the input text. In this work, we present an empirical study of how LLM-generated explanations align with predictive lexical evidence from an external model in text classification tasks. To analyze this relationship, we compare explanation content against interpretable feature importance signals extracted from transparent linear classifiers. These reference models allow us to partition predictive lexical cues into supporting and contradicting evidence relative to the predicted label. Across three benchmark datasets-WIKIONTOLOGY, AG NEWS, and IMDB-we observe a consistent empirical pattern that we term support-contra asymmetry. Explanations accompanying correct predictions tend to reference more supporting lexical cues and fewer contradicting cues, whereas explanations associated with incorrect predictions reference substantially more contradicting evidence. This pattern appears consistently across datasets, across reference model families (logistic regression and linear SVM), and across multiple feature retrieval depths. These results suggest that LLM explanations often reflect lexical signals that are predictive for the task when predictions are correct, while incorrect predictions are more frequently associated with explanations that reference misleading cues present in the input. Our findings provide a simple empirical perspective on explanation-evidence alignment and illustrate how external sources of predictive evidence can be used to analyze the behavior of LLM-generated explanations.