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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
ContextRAG: Extraction-Free Hierarchical Graph Constructi...
Roman Prosvirnin, Sergei Kuznetsov, Seungmin Jin · 2026-05-19 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Graph-structured retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems can improve answer quality on multi-hop questions, but many current systems rely on large language models (LLMs) to extract entities, relations, and summaries during indexing. These calls add token and wall-clock costs that grow with corpus size. We present ContextRAG, a graph RAG system whose graph topology is constructed without LLM-based entity or relation extraction. ContextRAG derives a fuzzy concept graph over chunk embeddings using residual-quantization k-means and Formal Concept Analysis with Lukasiewicz residuated logic. Bridge-like and meet-derived context nodes are induced by soft fuzzy join and meet operations, rather than by LLM-written graph edges. On a 130-task UltraDomain subset, ContextRAG builds its index with 30 LLM calls and 22,073 tokens. In contrast, a local HiRAG reproduction stress test required 870 indexing calls and 3.54M tokens on a 20-task subset before failing during graph construction; linear extrapolation to 130 tasks implies over 23M indexing tokens. ContextRAG obtains 33.6% F1 overall and 36.8% F1 on multi-hop tasks. An activation analysis shows that queries retrieving at least one lattice-derived node in the top five achieve +3.9 percentage points F1 over queries that do not; this association is diagnostic rather than causal.