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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
Beyond the Mouth: Upper-Face Affective Cues in Audiovisua...
Zhou Yang, Yueyi Yang · 2026-05-30 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Face-to-face speech comprehension is inherently multimodal, integrating acoustic signals with visible articulation, facial expression, head motion, and other socially relevant cues. While audiovisual speech systems typically focus on the mouth region as the primary visual source of linguistic information, affective facial expressions are often treated separately as emotion-recognition targets. This paper investigates whether upper-face affective information contributes to audiovisual sentence recognition beyond audio and mouth-region cues, particularly under acoustic degradation. Using the CREMA-D audiovisual emotional speech corpus, we train feature-based sentence classifiers under four cue conditions: audio only (A), audio plus mouth/lower-face features (A+M), audio plus upper-face features (A+U), and audio plus both mouth and upper-face features (A+M+U). Models are evaluated on clean audio and pink-noise conditions at +10 dB, +5 dB, and 0 dB SNR using actor-independent splits. Results show that mouth/lower-face features provide substantial robustness benefits under degraded audio. At 0 dB SNR, A+M improves accuracy over A by 0.0794, with an actor-bootstrap 95% confidence interval of [0.0296, 0.1298]. Upper-face affective cues exhibit a more nuanced effect. Although the direct accuracy gain of A+M+U over A+M is small, full-face models consistently improve calibration across SNR levels and outperform shuffled upper-face controls under noisy conditions. These findings suggest that affective facial information may support multimodal robustness and confidence estimation under acoustic uncertainty without directly encoding lexical content. More broadly, the study highlights the potential role of socially expressive facial cues in human-centered audiovisual interaction systems.