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Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
Oversmoothing as Representation Degeneracy in Neural Shea...
Arif Dönmez, Axel Mosig, Ellen Fritsche, Katharina Koch · 2026-05-12 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Neural Sheaf Diffusion (NSD) generalizes diffusion-based Graph Neural Networks by replacing scalar graph Laplacians with sheaf Laplacians whose learned restriction maps define a task-adapted geometry. While the diffusion limit of NSD is known to be the space of global sections, the representation-theoretic structure of this harmonic space remains largely implicit. We develop a quiver-theoretic interpretation of NSD by identifying cellular sheaves on graphs with representations of the associated incidence quiver. Under this correspondence, learned sheaf geometries become points in a finite-dimensional representation space. We show that direct-sum decompositions of the underlying incidence-quiver representation induce decompositions of the harmonic space reached in the diffusion limit. This gives an algebraic interpretation of oversmoothing as representation degeneration: learned sheaves may collapse toward low-complexity summands whose global sections fail to preserve discriminative information. Building on this viewpoint, we connect sheaf diffusion to stability and moment-map principles from Geometric Invariant Theory. We introduce moment-map-inspired regularizers that bias restriction maps toward balanced representation geometries, and identify a structural obstruction in equal-stalk architectures: when $d_v = d_e$, admissibility for learnable stability parameters forces the trivial all-object summand onto a stability wall. Non-uniform stalk dimensions remove this obstruction, making adaptive stability meaningful. Experiments on heterophilic benchmarks are consistent with this mechanism: breaking stalk symmetry can reduce variance or improve validation behavior, and adaptive stability becomes more effective in selected rectangular settings. Overall, our framework reframes oversmoothing as a degeneration phenomenon in the representation geometry underlying learned sheaf diffusion.