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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
ANX: Protocol-First Design for AI Agent Interaction with ...
Xu Mingze · 2026-04-07 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

AI agents, autonomous digital actors, need agent-native protocols; existing methods include GUI automation and MCP-based skills, with defects of high token consumption, fragmented interaction, inadequate security, due to lacking a unified top-level framework and key components, each independent module flawed. To address these issues, we present ANX, an open, extensible, verifiable agent-native protocol and top-level framework integrating CLI, Skill, MCP, resolving pain points via protocol innovation, architectural optimization and tool supplementation. Its four core innovations: 1) Agent-native design (ANX Config, Markup, CLI) with high information density, flexibility and strong adaptability to reduce tokens and eliminate inconsistencies; 2) Human-agent interaction combining Skill's flexibility for dual rendering as agent-executable instructions and human-readable UI; 3) MCP-supported on-demand lightweight apps without pre-registration; 4) ANX Markup-enabled machine-executable SOPs eliminating ambiguity for reliable long-horizon tasks and multi-agent collaboration. As the first in a series, we focus on ANX's design, present its 3EX decoupled architecture with ANXHub and preliminary feasibility analysis and experimental validation. ANX ensures native security: LLM-bypassed UI-to-Core communication keeps sensitive data out of agent context; human-only confirmation prevents automated misuse. Form-filling experiments with Qwen3.5-plus/GPT-4o show ANX reduces tokens by 47.3% (Qwen3.5-plus) and 55.6% (GPT-4o) vs MCP-based skills, 57.1% (Qwen3.5-plus) and 66.3% (GPT-4o) vs GUI automation, and shortens execution time by 58.1% and 57.7% vs MCP-based skills.