Windows Shell 编程，即 Windows 外壳编程。我们所看到的资源管理器以及整个桌面，都是一个 Shell。
我们知道，在win32中是以外壳名字空间的形式来组织文件系统的，在外壳名字空间里的每一个对象(注)都实现了一个IShellFolder的接口，通过这个接口我们可以直接查询或间接得到其他相关的接口。
下面做个程序用于浏览文件夹：
在C#中，我们这样定义 IShellFolder 接口：
代码
[ComImport]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
[Guid("000214E6-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
public interface IShellFolder {
void ParseDisplayName(
IntPtr hwnd,
IntPtr pbc,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszDisplayName,
out uint pchEaten,
out IntPtr ppidl,
ref uint pdwAttributes);[PreserveSig]
int EnumObjects(IntPtr hWnd, SHCONTF flags, out IntPtr enumIDList);void BindToObject(
IntPtr pidl,
IntPtr pbc,
[In()] ref Guid riid,
out IShellFolder ppv);void BindToStorage(
IntPtr pidl,
IntPtr pbc,
[In()] ref Guid riid,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out object ppv);[PreserveSig()]
uint CompareIDs(
int lParam,
IntPtr pidl1,
IntPtr pidl2);void CreateViewObject(
IntPtr hwndOwner,
[In()] ref Guid riid,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out object ppv);void GetAttributesOf(
uint cidl,
[In(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] IntPtr[] apidl,
ref SFGAO rgfInOut);
IntPtr GetUIObjectOf(
IntPtr hwndOwner,
uint cidl,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] IntPtr[] apidl,
[In()] ref Guid riid,
out IntPtr rgfReserved);void GetDisplayNameOf(
IntPtr pidl,
SHGNO uFlags,
IntPtr lpName);IntPtr SetNameOf(
string pszName,
IntPtr hwnd,
IntPtr pidl,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
SHGNO uFlags);
}
桌面是最顶级的文件夹，外壳名字空间中其他各项都可以用从桌面开始的 PIDL 加以表示。
可以通过 API SHGetDesktopFolder获取“桌面”的 PIDL 和其 IShellFolder 接口：
代码
public static IShellFolder GetDesktopFolder(out IntPtr ppshf) {
SHGetDesktopFolder(out ppshf);
Object obj = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(ppshf);
return (IShellFolder)obj;
}
下面是程序调用的代码：
代码
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){//获得桌面 PIDL
IntPtr desktopPtr;
IShellFolder desktop = API.GetDesktopFolder(out desktopPtr);//获取 C 盘的 PIDL
string FolderPath = @"C:\";
IntPtr Pidl = IntPtr.Zero;
IShellFolder Root;
uint i, j = 0;
desktop.ParseDisplayName(Handle, IntPtr.Zero, FolderPath, out i, out Pidl, ref j);
desktop.BindToObject(Pidl, IntPtr.Zero, ref Guids.IID_IShellFolder, out Root);
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(desktop);//循环查找 C 盘下面的文件/文件夹的 PIDL
IEnumIDList fileEnum = null;
IEnumIDList folderEnum = null;
IntPtr fileEnumPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
IntPtr folderEnumPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
IntPtr pidlSub;
int celtFetched;//获取子文件夹
if (Root.EnumObjects(this.Handle, SHCONTF.FOLDERS | SHCONTF.INCLUDEHIDDEN, out fileEnumPtr) == API.S_OK)
{
fileEnum = (IEnumIDList)Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(fileEnumPtr);
while (fileEnum.Next(1, out pidlSub, out celtFetched) == 0 && celtFetched == API.S_FALSE)
{
//获取显示名称
string name = API.GetNameByPIDL(pidlSub);
lvFile.Items.Add(name, 1);
}
}//获取子文件
if (Root.EnumObjects(this.Handle, SHCONTF.NONFOLDERS | SHCONTF.INCLUDEHIDDEN, out folderEnumPtr) == API.S_OK)
{
folderEnum = (IEnumIDList)Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(folderEnumPtr);
while (folderEnum.Next(1, out pidlSub, out celtFetched) == 0 && celtFetched == API.S_FALSE)
{
string name = API.GetNameByPIDL(pidlSub);
lvFile.Items.Add(name, 0);
}
}Marshal.ReleaseComObject(Root);
}
下面是运行后的效果：
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