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cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Optimal linear Bernoulli factories for small mean problems
Mark Huber · 2015-07-03 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

Suppose a coin with unknown probability $p$ of heads can be flipped as often as desired. A Bernoulli factory for a function $f$ is an algorithm that uses flips of the coin together with auxiliary randomness to flip a single coin with probability $f(p)$ of heads. Applications include near perfect sampling from the stationary distribution of regenerative processes. When $f$ is analytic, the problem can be reduced to a Bernoulli factory of the form $f(p) = Cp$ for constant $C$. Presented here is a new algorithm where for small values of $Cp$, requires roughly only $C$ coin flips to generate a $Cp$ coin. From information theory considerations, this is also conjectured to be (to first order) the minimum number of flips needed by any such algorithm. For $Cp$ large, the new algorithm can also be used to build a new Bernoulli factory that uses only 80\% of the expected coin flips of the older method, and applies to the more general problem of a multivariate Bernoulli factory, where there are $k$ coins, the $k$th coin has unknown probability $p_k$ of heads, and the goal is to simulate a coin flip with probability $C_1 p_1 + \cdots + C_k p_k$ of heads.