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cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Ultrabubble enumeration via a lowest common ancestor appr...
Athanasios E. Zisis, Pål Sætrom · 2026-03-04 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

Pangenomics uses graph-based models to represent and study the genetic variation between individuals of the same species or between different species. In such variation graphs, a path through the graph represents one individual genome. Subgraphs that encode locally distinct paths are therefore genomic regions with distinct genetic variation and detecting such subgraphs is integral for studying genetic variation. Biedged graphs is a type of variation graph that use two types of edges, black and grey, to represent genomic sequences and adjacencies between sequences, respectively. Ultrabubbles in biedged graphs are minimal subgraphs that represent a finite set of sequence variants that all start and end with two distinct sequences; that is, ultrabubbles are acyclic and all paths in an ultrabubble enter and exit through two distinct black edges. Ultrabubbles are therefore a special case of snarls, which are minimal subgraphs that are connected with two black edges to the rest of the graph. Here, we show that any bidirected graph can be transformed to a bipartite biedged graph in which lowest common ancestor queries can determine whether a snarl is an ultrabubble. This leads to an O(Kn) algorithm for finding all ultrabubbles in a set of K snarls, improving on the prior naive approach of O(K(n + m)) in a biedged graph with n nodes and m edges. Accordingly, our benchmark experiments on real and synthetic variation graphs show improved run times on graphs with few cycles and dead end paths, and dense graphs with many edges.