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cs.CL updates on arXiv.org

Playing Along: Learning a Double-Agent Defender for Belief Steering via Theory of Mind RPA-Check: A Multi-Stage Automated Framework for Evaluating Dynamic LLM-based Role-Playing Agents A Triadic Suffix Tokenization Scheme for Numerical Reasoning Hidden Measurement Error in LLM Pipelines Distorts Annotation, Evaluation, and Benchmarking Synthius-Mem: Brain-Inspired Hallucination-Resistant Persona Memory Achieving 94.4% Memory Accuracy and 99.6% Adversarial Robustness on LoCoMo Time is Not a Label: Continuous Phase Rotation for Temporal Knowledge Graphs and Agentic Memory NovBench: Evaluating Large Language Models on Academic Paper Novelty Assessment Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Polyglot Teachers: Evaluating Language Models for Multilingual Synthetic Data Generation Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Evaluating Memory Capability in Continuous Lifelog Scenario How Robust Are Large Language Models for Clinical Numeracy? An Empirical Study on Numerical Reasoning Abilities in Clinical Contexts Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis OccuBench: Evaluating AI Agents on Real-World Professional Tasks via Language Environment Simulation Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series
A Mechanism and Optimization Study on the Impact of Infor...
Jiang Xiaobo, Dinghong Lai, Song Qiu, Yadong Deng, Xinkai Zhan · 2026-04-21 · via cs.CL updates on arXiv.org

Named Entity Recognition (NER) models trained on clean, high-resource corpora exhibit catastrophic performance collapse when deployed on noisy, sparse User-Generated Content (UGC), such as social media. Prior research has predominantly focused on point-wise symptom remediation -- employing customized fine-tuning to address issues like neologisms, alias drift, non-standard orthography, long-tail entities, and class imbalance. However, these improvements often fail to generalize because they overlook the structural sparsity inherent in UGC. This study reveals that surface-level noise symptoms share a unified root cause: low Information Density (ID). Through hierarchical confounding-controlled resampling experiments (specifically controlling for entity rarity and annotation consistency), this paper identifies ID as an independent key factor. We introduce Attention Spectrum Analysis (ASA) to quantify how reduced ID causally leads to ``attention blunting,'' ultimately degrading NER performance. Informed by these mechanistic insights, we propose the Window-Aware Optimization Module (WOM), an LLM-empowered, model-agnostic framework. WOM identifies information-sparse regions and utilizes selective back-translation to directionally enhance semantic density without altering model architecture. Deployed atop mainstream architectures on standard UGC datasets (WNUT2017, Twitter-NER, WNUT2016), WOM yields up to 4.5\% absolute F1 improvement, demonstrating robustness and achieving new state-of-the-art (SOTA) results on WNUT2017.