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iit's simple .

here is my code in event 'pbm_dwndropdown'
        datawindowchilde dw_child
        This.GetChild("colname",dw_child)
        dw_child.SetDetailHeight(1,dw_child.RowCount(),80)
        dw_child.SetFilter(" condition <>  i_need")
        dw_child.Filter()
        dw_child.SetDetailHeight(1,dw_child.RowCount(),0)
        dw_child.SetFilter("")
        dw_child.Filter()
        
Then OK..   Tag :  PowerBuilder 下拉数据窗口 过滤 displayname 

all above refer to http://pbdj.sys-con.com/read/42519.htm
summary:
The trick here is not to filter. You need to have the description or display value in the primary buffer. One method is to use SetDetailHeight to mimic "filtering."

Unfilter all rows and set detail height to "standard height".

Filter out rows you want to display (yes, the good ones).

SetDetailHeight to 0 for the rows in the primary buffer (this will make them invisible).

Unfilter the DDDW.

You'll be left with all the rows so the display value can be found but the rows you don't want to see have a height of 0