Philanthropy in Asia is increasingly being deployed as “risk capital” to fund high-risk social innovations that governments and private markets are often unwilling to support, according to a new report released at the Philanthropy Asia Summit on Monday (May 18, 2026).

The report, titled “Philanthropy as Risk Capital in Asia: Bridging Innovation to Impact", found that philanthropic funding across Asia has helped scale solutions in climate action, healthcare, housing, waste management, water and digital inclusion, collectively reaching more than 210 million people across 13 Asian economies.

The study was researched and written by the Centre for Asian Philanthropy and Society (CAPS) and commissioned by the Philanthropy Asia Alliance (PAA) and was released in Singapore at the Philanthropy Asia Summit on May 18.

Based on 10 case studies and 37 interviews with philanthropists, social enterprise founders, fund managers and programme leaders, the report examined how philanthropic capital is being used to support early-stage innovation and address development challenges in Asia.

The report said philanthropic funding is increasingly filling gaps where governments are unable or unwilling to take risks and where commercial investors do not yet see viable returns.

Among the examples highlighted was Indonesia’s dengue control programme supported by the Tahija Foundation, which committed more than US$17 million over a decade to test the use of Wolbachia bacteria to combat dengue transmission.

According to the report, a randomised controlled trial showed a 77 per cent reduction in dengue transmission, leading to the programme’s inclusion in Indonesia’s national health strategy and protecting an estimated 14 million people.

The study also pointed to growing experimentation beyond traditional grant-making, with philanthropists exploring concessional debt, equity financing and blended funding models to support social enterprises at different stages of growth.

However, it noted that regulatory hurdles and limited understanding of innovative financing tools continue to constrain broader adoption across parts of Asia.

Another key finding was the increasing alignment between philanthropic initiatives and government priorities to achieve scale.

In India, Tata Trusts backed digital inclusion platform Haqdarshak under the government’s Digital India initiative to improve access to welfare schemes.

In China, the Vanke Foundation supported waste management social enterprise INSPRO as part of the country’s zero-waste city ambitions, helping the organisation expand operations through government partnerships.

 “For these Asian philanthropists deploying capital to support early-stage innovation, we observe how trust in the capabilities of the people behind the ideas is critical to managing these risks,” said Ruth Shapiro. “And we see the importance of aligning with government as key to legitimacy and scale,” she added.

Shaun Seow, CEO of Philanthropy Asia Alliance (PAA), said early-stage philanthropic funding plays a critical role in supporting untested ideas and building confidence for larger investments later. “Taking an early position absorbs the risk of an untested solution and builds the evidence and regulatory confidence that later investment requires,” the CEO said.

The report comes amid growing discussions at the summit on the role of private wealth and philanthropy in addressing Asia’s widening development and climate challenges.