Healthcare systems are increasingly being asked to do more with less, while also becoming more responsive to the needs and experiences of patients. This raises a critical question: how can engagement be designed so that it is not only inclusive, but also efficient, and capable of generating actionable insight in a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape?

Our recent study, published in BMC Health Services Research explores this challenge through structured participatory methods. The findings suggest that when engagement is organised around clear priorities, it can better support service improvement, research, innovation, and patient and public involvement in shaping healthcare.