如何获得windows中文件类型名称，例如txt文件的类型名称“文本文件”；xls文件则显示：“Microsoft Office Excel 97-2003工作表”，使用C#中的FileInfo类是不行的，那么只有导入shell32.dll文件来获得。
首先要导入：
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
方法如下：
[DllImport("shell32.dll", EntryPoint = "SHGetFileInfo")]
public static extern int GetFileInfo(string pszPath, int dwFileAttributes,
ref FileInfomation psfi, int cbFileInfo, int uFlags);/// <summary>
/// 定义SHFILEINFO结构(名字随便起，这里用FileInfomation)
/// </summary>
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct FileInfomation
{
public IntPtr hIcon;
public int iIcon;
public int dwAttributes;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst
= 260)]
public string szDisplayName; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst
= 80)]
public string szTypeName;
}/// <summary>
/// 定义文件属性标识
/// </summary>
public enum FileAttributeFlags : int
{
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY = 0x00000001,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN = 0x00000002,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM = 0x00000004,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY = 0x00000010,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE = 0x00000020,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE = 0x00000040,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x00000080,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY = 0x00000100,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE = 0x00000200,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT = 0x00000400,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED = 0x00000800,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE = 0x00001000,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED = 0x00002000,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED = 0x00004000
}/// <summary>
/// 定义获取资源标识
/// </summary>
public enum GetFileInfoFlags : int
{
SHGFI_ICON = 0x000000100, // get icon
SHGFI_DISPLAYNAME = 0x000000200, // get display name
SHGFI_TYPENAME = 0x000000400, // get type name
SHGFI_ATTRIBUTES = 0x000000800, // get attributes
SHGFI_ICONLOCATION = 0x000001000, // get icon location
SHGFI_EXETYPE = 0x000002000, // return exe type
SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX = 0x000004000, // get system icon index
SHGFI_LINKOVERLAY = 0x000008000, // put a link overlay on icon
SHGFI_SELECTED = 0x000010000, // show icon in selected state
SHGFI_ATTR_SPECIFIED = 0x000020000, // get only specified attributes
SHGFI_LARGEICON = 0x000000000, // get large icon
SHGFI_SMALLICON = 0x000000001, // get small icon
SHGFI_OPENICON = 0x000000002, // get open icon
SHGFI_SHELLICONSIZE = 0x000000004, // get shell size icon
SHGFI_PIDL = 0x000000008, // pszPath is a pidl
SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES = 0x000000010, // use passed dwFileAttribute
SHGFI_ADDOVERLAYS = 0x000000020, // apply the appropriate overlays
SHGFI_OVERLAYINDEX = 0x000000040 // Get the index of the overlay
}public static string GetFileTypeName(string fileName)
{
FileInfomation fileInfo = new FileInfomation(); //初始化FileInfomation结构//调用GetFileInfo函数，最后一个参数说明获取的是文件类型(SHGFI_TYPENAME)
int res = GetFileInfo(fileName, (int)FileAttributeFlags.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
ref fileInfo, Marshal.SizeOf(fileInfo), (int)GetFileInfoFlags.SHGFI_TYPENAME);return fileInfo.szTypeName;
}
使用GetFileTypeName方法可以获得文件类型信息，大家可以试试。
另：同时这个方法也可以用来获得exe文件中的icon图标。
