序号

主要章节

常用英汉对照词汇

备注

1

运算符与表达式
（ operator and expression ）

汉语

英语

C is a general-purpose programming language .The language , however , is not tied to any one operating system or machine ; and although it has been called a “system programming language “ because it is useful for writing compilers and operating systems , it has been used equally well to write major programs in many different domains .
C provides the fundamental control –flow constructions required for well-structured programs: statement grouping , decision making (if –else ), selecting one of a of possible cases (switch),looping with the termination test at the top (while ,for ) or at the bottom (do), and early loop exit (break).

常量

constant

变量

variable

标识符

identify

关键字

keywords

符号

sign

运算符

operator

语句

statement

语法

syntax

表达式

Expression

初始化

Initialization

数据格式

number format

说明

Declaration

类型转换

type conversion

定义

Define 、 definition

2

条件语句
（ condition
statement)

选择

select

if-else statement (The if-else statement is used to express decisions . Formally, the syntax is if(expression ) statement1 else statement2 where the else part is optional .
The switch statement is a multi-way decision that tests whether an expression matches one of a number of constant integer values , and branches accordingly .
switch (expression ) { case const-expr : statements case const-expr : statements default : statements }

表达式　

expression

逻辑表达式

logical expression

关系表达式

Relational expression

优先

priority

运算

operation

结构

structure

3

循环语句
(circle statement)

循环

circle

for (expr1 ; expr2 ;expr3 )
statement is equivalent to expr 1;
while (expr2 ) { statement expr3 ; }
As we discussed in Chapter 1, the while and for loops test the termination condition at the top . By contrast , the third loop in C , the do-while ,tests at the bottom after making each pass through the loop body ; the body is always executed at least once .
The syntax of the do is
do statement
while (expression );

条件

condition

变量

variant

过程

process

优先

priority

运算

operation

4

函数
(function)

调用

call

Functions and Program Structure
  Functions break large computing tasks into smaller ones , and enable people to build on what others have done instead of starting over from scratch .

返回值

return value

函数

function

声明

declare

参数

parameter

静态的

static

外部的

extern

5

数组和指针
(array and
pointer)

数组

array

Pointers and Arrays
  A pointer is a variable that contains the address of a variable . Pointers are much used in C , partly because they are sometimes the only way to express a computation , and partly because they usually lead to more compact and efficient code than can be obtained in other ways . Pointers and arrays are closely related , this chapter also explores this relationship and shows how to exploit it .

引用

reference

元素

element

地址

address

排序

sort

字符

character

字符串

string

应用

application

指针

pointer

参数

argument

数组

array

声明

declaration

表示

represent

处理

manipulate

6

结构体、
共用体
(structures 、 union ）

结构

structure

Structures
   A structure is a collection of one or more variables , possibly of different types , grouped together under a singe name for convenient handling . (Structures are called “records” in some languages , notably Pascal . ) Structures help to organize complicated data , particularly in large programs , because they permit a group of related variables to be treated as a unit instead of as separate entities .

成员

member

标记

tag

函数

function

枚举

enumerate

联合 ( 共用体 )

union

创建

create

插入

insert

删除

delete

修改

modify

7

文件
（ file)

文件

file

打开

open

关闭

close

读

read

写

write

错误

error