Mangrove forests around the world provide a largely overlooked nitrogen-pollution cleanup service — one that, if humans had to pay for it, would cost $8.7 billion per year, a new study estimates.
Mangroves are salt-tolerant plants that grow between the high-tide and low-tide marks in tropical and subtropical coastal regions. Their tall, tangled roots trap sediments rich in microbes that break down nitrogen in the water into nitrogen gas (N2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), effectively removing this nutrient from the ecosystem.
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