The full bench of the Australian Federal court upheld a landmark decision for a transgender woman on Friday in Giggle, female only app case as she was excluded only because she appeared to be a man.

The legal battle started when Roxanna Tickle was barred from the female-only social networking app “Giggle for Girls” because of her appearance.

In this case of discrimination, Tickle filed a lawsuit against the Giggle app in December 2022, being dubbed as “ what is a woman case?”. In 2024, the court also issued a major ruling in the Tickle vs Giggle trial, amounting the act as “unlawful indirect discrimination” against transgender women on the grounds of gender identity under the Sex Discrimination Act 1984.

Afterwards, the app’s founder, Sall Grover, appealed the decision in the court that sex is an “unchangeable biological binary” and women possess legal rights to have an access to single-sex digital spaces.

Court ruling

In response to appeal, the Australian court totally rejected these arguments, thereby cementing the legal framework surrounding gender identity in Australia.

The court upheld that under Australian law, "sex" is changeable and not strictly defined by a person's sex assigned at birth.

“This amounted to direct discrimination by reference to a characteristic that pertains to people of Ms Tickle’s gender identity, being a transgender woman,” the ruling read.

“Ms Tickle has been successful in her cross appeal under the act, gender identity is defined as meaning gender-related identity and gender-related characteristics, including appearance.”

Moreover, the court also doubled Ms Tickle’s compensation from $10,000 to $20,000, citing the disrespectful conduct of Sall during the legal proceedings. The award includes $8,000 in aggravated damages due to Ms. Grover’s behavior.

In a post-ruling interview Ms Tickle expressed, “I'm very pleased by the outcome of my case, and I hope ​that it assists trans and gender diverse people and their loved ones to heal.”

"I've brought my case to show trans people that you can be brave and that you can stand up for yourself. In the process, I surprised myself at how brave I could be," she said.

What this landmark ruling means for transgender

This breakthrough has proved pivotal for transgender community. The ruling reaffirmed that transgender women are entitled to access single-sex digital services and spaces.

According to Alice Taylor, an assistant professor of law at Bond ​University, "The decision represents a ​significant affirmation of protections for trans people.”

“The court has made clear that the Australia's Sex Discrimination Act is intended to eliminate discrimination on the basis of gender ‌identity, and ⁠that this protection should be applied as broadly as possible,” Alice added.

Igniting debate on gender identity

The ruling also has drawn criticism from single-sex space advocates and gender critics. As per the experts, the decision violates the women’s right to have exclusive and safe boundaries online.

Even the ruling has taken the internet by storm. The netizens have reignited debate over gender identity. One user wrote, “A man, a male, he, born XY. Humans cannot change their sex.”

Another one questioned, “The court adhered to Sex Discrimination Amendment Act 2013, passed under the Gillard gov. which modified legal definitions of biological sex. This legislation requires re-evaluation to ensure the rights of women are protected.”

The third one commented, “Man wins battle to ensure that no woman in Australia may actually be in only female company. Australia - a country proud to discriminate against females. The actual females. The Australian gov must be so proud - why should females be entitled to female only anything?”

the fourth one wrote, "He, him, male, XY. People who live in reality know that sex is determined at conception and remains the same throughout life. Sex is immutable, much like our heritage and skin tone."