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Theoretical Limits of Language Model Alignment $f$-Divergence Regularized RLHF: Two Tales of Sampling and Unified Analyses A Unified Measure-Theoretic View of Diffusion, Score-Based, and Flow Matching Generative Models When Can Voting Help, Hurt, or Change Course? Exact Structure of Binary Test-Time Aggregation When Semantic Communication Meets Queueing: Cross-Layer Latency and Task Fidelity Optimization Convexity in Disguise: A Theoretical Framework for Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Estimation Conditional Diffusion Under Linear Constraints: Langevin Mixing and Information-Theoretic Guarantees Sharp Capacity Thresholds in Linear Associative Memory: From Winner-Take-All to Listwise Retrieval Expert Routing for Communication-Efficient MoE via Finite Expert Banks Contextual Memory-Enhanced Source Coding for Low-SNR Communications Realizable Bayes-Consistency for General Metric Losses Leveraging Code Automorphisms for Improved Syndrome-Based Neural Decoding A Hierarchical Sampling Framework for bounding the Generalization Error of Federated Learning Dueling DDQN-Based Adaptive Multi-Objective Handover Optimization for LEO Satellite Networks The Causal Description Gap: Information-Theoretic Separations Across Pearl's Hierarchy Optimization of CV-QKD Under Practical Constraints Benchmarking Wireless Representations: High-Dimensional vs. Compressed Embeddings for Efficiency and Robustness Real-Time Text Transmission via LLM-Based Entropy Coding over Fixed-Rate Channels SwiftChannel: Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design for Deep Learning-Based 5G Channel Estimation Evolving Token Communication with Parametric Memory Network Remote Action Generation: Remote Control with Minimal Communication The (Marginal) Value of a Search Ad: An Online Causal Framework for Repeated Second-price Auctions Stabilizing Private LASSO under Heterogeneous Covariates via Anisotropic Objective Perturbation Linear-Readout Floors and Threshold Recovery in Computation in Superposition Soft Graph Diffusion Transformer for MIMO Detection Hierarchical Federated Learning for Networked AI: From Communication Saving to Architecture-Aware Design Exponential families from a single KL identity MIFair: A Mutual-Information Framework for Intersectionality and Multiclass Fairness Diffusion-OAMP for Joint Image Compression and Wireless Transmission Decoupled Descent: Exact Test Error Tracking Via Approximate Message Passing
A Simple and Efficient Strategy for the Coin Weighing Pro...
Esmaeil Karimi, Fatemeh Kazemi, Anoosheh Heidarzadeh, Alex Sprin · 2018-05-08 · via cs.IT updates on arXiv.org

This paper considers a generalized version of the coin weighing problem with a spring scale that lies at the intersection of group testing and compressed sensing problems. Given a collection of $n\geq 2$ coins of total weight $d$ (for a known integer $d$), where the weight of each coin is an unknown integer in the range of $\{0,1,\dots,k\}$ (for a known integer $k\geq 1$), the problem is to determine the weight of each coin by weighing subsets of coins in a spring scale. The goal is to minimize the average number of weighings over all possible weight configurations. For $d=k=1$, an adaptive bisecting weighing strategy is known to be optimal. However, even the case of $d=k=2$, which is the simplest non-trivial case of the problem, is still open. For this case, we propose and analyze a simple and effective adaptive weighing strategy. A numerical evaluation of the exact recursive formulas, derived for the analysis of the proposed strategy, shows that this strategy requires about ${1.365\log_2 n -0.5}$ weighings on average. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first non-trivial achievable upper bound on the minimum expected required number of weighings for the case of $d=k=2$. As $n$ grows unbounded, the proposed strategy, when compared to an optimal strategy within the commonly-used class of nested strategies, requires about $31.75\%$ less number of weighings on average; and in comparison with the information-theoretic lower bound, it requires at most about $8.16\%$ extra number of weighings on average.