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cs.IT updates on arXiv.org

Theoretical Limits of Language Model Alignment $f$-Divergence Regularized RLHF: Two Tales of Sampling and Unified Analyses A Unified Measure-Theoretic View of Diffusion, Score-Based, and Flow Matching Generative Models When Can Voting Help, Hurt, or Change Course? Exact Structure of Binary Test-Time Aggregation When Semantic Communication Meets Queueing: Cross-Layer Latency and Task Fidelity Optimization Convexity in Disguise: A Theoretical Framework for Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Estimation Conditional Diffusion Under Linear Constraints: Langevin Mixing and Information-Theoretic Guarantees Sharp Capacity Thresholds in Linear Associative Memory: From Winner-Take-All to Listwise Retrieval Expert Routing for Communication-Efficient MoE via Finite Expert Banks Contextual Memory-Enhanced Source Coding for Low-SNR Communications Realizable Bayes-Consistency for General Metric Losses Leveraging Code Automorphisms for Improved Syndrome-Based Neural Decoding A Hierarchical Sampling Framework for bounding the Generalization Error of Federated Learning Dueling DDQN-Based Adaptive Multi-Objective Handover Optimization for LEO Satellite Networks The Causal Description Gap: Information-Theoretic Separations Across Pearl's Hierarchy Optimization of CV-QKD Under Practical Constraints Benchmarking Wireless Representations: High-Dimensional vs. Compressed Embeddings for Efficiency and Robustness Real-Time Text Transmission via LLM-Based Entropy Coding over Fixed-Rate Channels SwiftChannel: Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design for Deep Learning-Based 5G Channel Estimation Evolving Token Communication with Parametric Memory Network Remote Action Generation: Remote Control with Minimal Communication The (Marginal) Value of a Search Ad: An Online Causal Framework for Repeated Second-price Auctions Stabilizing Private LASSO under Heterogeneous Covariates via Anisotropic Objective Perturbation Linear-Readout Floors and Threshold Recovery in Computation in Superposition Soft Graph Diffusion Transformer for MIMO Detection Hierarchical Federated Learning for Networked AI: From Communication Saving to Architecture-Aware Design Exponential families from a single KL identity MIFair: A Mutual-Information Framework for Intersectionality and Multiclass Fairness Diffusion-OAMP for Joint Image Compression and Wireless Transmission Decoupled Descent: Exact Test Error Tracking Via Approximate Message Passing
Evaluation of a Low-Cost Single-Lead ECG Module for Vascu...
S. Anas Ali, M. Saqib Niaz, Mubashir Rehman, Ahsan Mehmood, M. M · 2023-08-09 · via cs.IT updates on arXiv.org

Vascular age is traditionally measured using invasive methods or through 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). This paper utilizes a low-cost single-lead (lead-I) ECG module to predict the vascular age of an apparently healthy young person. In addition, we also study the impact of smoking on ECG traces of the light-but-habitual smokers. We begin by collecting (lead-I) ECG data from 42 apparently healthy subjects (smokers and non-smokers) aged 18 to 30 years, using our custom-built low-cost single-lead ECG module, and anthropometric data, e.g., body mass index, smoking status, blood pressure, etc. Under our proposed method, we first pre-process our dataset by denoising the ECG traces, followed by baseline drift removal, followed by z-score normalization. Next, we create another dataset by dividing the ECG traces into overlapping segments of five-second duration. We then feed both segmented and unsegmented datasets to a number of machine learning models, a 1D convolutional neural network, and ResNet18 model, for vascular ageing prediction. We also do transfer learning whereby we pre-train our models on a public PPG dataset, and later, fine-tune and evaluate them on our unsegmented ECG dataset. The random forest model outperforms all other models and previous works by achieving a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.07 and coefficient of determination R2 of 0.99, MSE of 3.56 and R2 of 0.26, MSE of 0.99 and R2 of 0.87, for segmented ECG dataset, for unsegmented ECG dataset, and for transfer learning scenario, respectively. Finally, we utilize the explainable AI framework to identify those ECG features that get affected due to smoking. This work is aligned with the sustainable development goals 3 and 10 of the United Nations which aim to provide low-cost but quality healthcare solutions to the unprivileged. This work also finds its applications in the broad domain of forensic science.