Caching at mobile devices and leveraging device- to-device (D2D) communication are two promising approaches to support massive content delivery over wireless networks. The analysis of cache-enabled wireless networks is usually carried out by assuming that devices are uniformly distributed, however, in social networks, mobile devices are intrinsically grouped into disjoint clusters. In this regards, this paper proposes a spatiotemporal mathematical model that tracks the service requests arrivals and account for the clustered devices geometry. Two kinds of devices are assumed, particularly, content clients and content providers. Content providers are assumed to have a surplus memory which is exploited to proactively cache contents from a known library, following a random probabilistic caching scheme. Content clients can retrieve a requested content from the nearest content provider in their proximity (cluster), or, as a last resort, the base station (BS). The developed spatiotemporal model is leveraged to formulate a joint optimization problem of the content caching and spectrum partitioning in order to minimize the average service delay. Due to the high complexity of the optimization problem, the caching and spectrum partitioning problems are decoupled and solved iteratively using the block coordinate descent (BCD) optimization technique. To this end, an optimal and suboptimal solutions are obtained for the bandwidth partitioning and probabilistic caching subproblems, respectively. Numerical results highlight the superiority of the proposed scheme over conventional caching schemes under equal and optimized bandwidth allocations. Particularly, it is shown that the average service delay is reduced by nearly 100% and 350%, compared to the Zipf and uniform caching schemes under equal bandwidth allocations, respectively.