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Theoretical Limits of Language Model Alignment $f$-Divergence Regularized RLHF: Two Tales of Sampling and Unified Analyses A Unified Measure-Theoretic View of Diffusion, Score-Based, and Flow Matching Generative Models When Can Voting Help, Hurt, or Change Course? Exact Structure of Binary Test-Time Aggregation When Semantic Communication Meets Queueing: Cross-Layer Latency and Task Fidelity Optimization Convexity in Disguise: A Theoretical Framework for Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Estimation Conditional Diffusion Under Linear Constraints: Langevin Mixing and Information-Theoretic Guarantees Sharp Capacity Thresholds in Linear Associative Memory: From Winner-Take-All to Listwise Retrieval Expert Routing for Communication-Efficient MoE via Finite Expert Banks Contextual Memory-Enhanced Source Coding for Low-SNR Communications Realizable Bayes-Consistency for General Metric Losses Leveraging Code Automorphisms for Improved Syndrome-Based Neural Decoding A Hierarchical Sampling Framework for bounding the Generalization Error of Federated Learning Dueling DDQN-Based Adaptive Multi-Objective Handover Optimization for LEO Satellite Networks The Causal Description Gap: Information-Theoretic Separations Across Pearl's Hierarchy Optimization of CV-QKD Under Practical Constraints Benchmarking Wireless Representations: High-Dimensional vs. Compressed Embeddings for Efficiency and Robustness Real-Time Text Transmission via LLM-Based Entropy Coding over Fixed-Rate Channels SwiftChannel: Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design for Deep Learning-Based 5G Channel Estimation Evolving Token Communication with Parametric Memory Network Remote Action Generation: Remote Control with Minimal Communication The (Marginal) Value of a Search Ad: An Online Causal Framework for Repeated Second-price Auctions Stabilizing Private LASSO under Heterogeneous Covariates via Anisotropic Objective Perturbation Linear-Readout Floors and Threshold Recovery in Computation in Superposition Soft Graph Diffusion Transformer for MIMO Detection Hierarchical Federated Learning for Networked AI: From Communication Saving to Architecture-Aware Design Exponential families from a single KL identity MIFair: A Mutual-Information Framework for Intersectionality and Multiclass Fairness Diffusion-OAMP for Joint Image Compression and Wireless Transmission Decoupled Descent: Exact Test Error Tracking Via Approximate Message Passing
Selecting a Maximum Solow-Polasky Diversity Subset in Gen...
Michael T. M. Emmerich, Ksenia Pereverdieva, André H. Deutz · 2026-04-07 · via cs.IT updates on arXiv.org

The Solow--Polasky diversity indicator (or magnitude) is a classical measure of diversity based on pairwise distances. It has applications in ecology, conservation planning, and, more recently, in algorithmic subset selection and diversity optimization. In this note, we investigate the computational complexity of selecting a subset of fixed cardinality from a finite set so as to maximize the Solow--Polasky diversity value. We prove that this problem is NP-hard in general metric spaces. The reduction is from the classical Independent Set problem and uses a simple metric construction containing only two non-zero distance values. Importantly, the hardness result holds for every fixed kernel parameter $θ_0>0$; equivalently, by rescaling the metric, one may fix the parameter to $1$ without loss of generality. A central point is that this is not a boilerplate reduction: because the Solow--Polasky objective is defined through matrix inversion, it is a nontrivial nonlinear function of the distances. Accordingly, the proof requires a dedicated strict-monotonicity argument for the specific family of distance matrices arising in the reduction; this strict monotonicity is established here for that family, but it is not assumed to hold in full generality. We also explain how the proof connects to continuity and monotonicity considerations for diversity indicators.