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Theoretical Limits of Language Model Alignment $f$-Divergence Regularized RLHF: Two Tales of Sampling and Unified Analyses A Unified Measure-Theoretic View of Diffusion, Score-Based, and Flow Matching Generative Models When Can Voting Help, Hurt, or Change Course? Exact Structure of Binary Test-Time Aggregation When Semantic Communication Meets Queueing: Cross-Layer Latency and Task Fidelity Optimization Convexity in Disguise: A Theoretical Framework for Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Estimation Conditional Diffusion Under Linear Constraints: Langevin Mixing and Information-Theoretic Guarantees Sharp Capacity Thresholds in Linear Associative Memory: From Winner-Take-All to Listwise Retrieval Expert Routing for Communication-Efficient MoE via Finite Expert Banks Contextual Memory-Enhanced Source Coding for Low-SNR Communications Realizable Bayes-Consistency for General Metric Losses Leveraging Code Automorphisms for Improved Syndrome-Based Neural Decoding A Hierarchical Sampling Framework for bounding the Generalization Error of Federated Learning Dueling DDQN-Based Adaptive Multi-Objective Handover Optimization for LEO Satellite Networks The Causal Description Gap: Information-Theoretic Separations Across Pearl's Hierarchy Optimization of CV-QKD Under Practical Constraints Benchmarking Wireless Representations: High-Dimensional vs. Compressed Embeddings for Efficiency and Robustness Real-Time Text Transmission via LLM-Based Entropy Coding over Fixed-Rate Channels SwiftChannel: Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design for Deep Learning-Based 5G Channel Estimation Evolving Token Communication with Parametric Memory Network Remote Action Generation: Remote Control with Minimal Communication The (Marginal) Value of a Search Ad: An Online Causal Framework for Repeated Second-price Auctions Stabilizing Private LASSO under Heterogeneous Covariates via Anisotropic Objective Perturbation Linear-Readout Floors and Threshold Recovery in Computation in Superposition Soft Graph Diffusion Transformer for MIMO Detection Hierarchical Federated Learning for Networked AI: From Communication Saving to Architecture-Aware Design Exponential families from a single KL identity MIFair: A Mutual-Information Framework for Intersectionality and Multiclass Fairness Diffusion-OAMP for Joint Image Compression and Wireless Transmission Decoupled Descent: Exact Test Error Tracking Via Approximate Message Passing
Resolution Information: Limits of Ambiguity Resolution fo...
Angeles Vazquez-Castro, Faheem Dustin Quazi, Zhu Han · 2026-05-13 · via cs.IT updates on arXiv.org

In generative communication, the transmitter sends a compact generative description, such as model parameters or a latent representation, rather than raw data. The receiver uses this description to form a posterior belief over the underlying state and to resolve semantic ambiguity: which interpretation, decision, or action is supported by the received representation? Inspired by Shannon's geometric view of communication as uncertainty resolution, we introduce resolution information as the minimum information update, measured in nats, required to move the receiver's posterior belief into a low-ambiguity semantic region. Our work yields three main results. First, when the receiver can form any posterior belief, corresponding to the ideal unconstrained case, resolution information reduces to a binary divergence that depends only on each region's prior probability. In this case, the shape of the regions is irrelevant. Under repeated sampling, ambiguity decays exponentially with an exponent equal to the resolution information, giving it an operational meaning as an ambiguity exponent. Second, when the generative representation constrains the posterior family, as in practice, geometry becomes operational and can create irreducible ambiguity floors: half-spaces remain resolvable, whereas polytope-type regions can exhibit residual ambiguity that no amount of additional information can remove. These results reveal a fundamental departure from classical channel coding. In Shannon theory, codes can be designed so that decoding regions separate messages and error probability vanishes below capacity. In generative communication, the model itself induces a constrained posterior geometry that may prevent asymptotic ambiguity resolution. The resulting limit is not on rate, but on resolvability itself.