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cs.IT updates on arXiv.org

Theoretical Limits of Language Model Alignment $f$-Divergence Regularized RLHF: Two Tales of Sampling and Unified Analyses A Unified Measure-Theoretic View of Diffusion, Score-Based, and Flow Matching Generative Models When Can Voting Help, Hurt, or Change Course? Exact Structure of Binary Test-Time Aggregation When Semantic Communication Meets Queueing: Cross-Layer Latency and Task Fidelity Optimization Convexity in Disguise: A Theoretical Framework for Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Estimation Conditional Diffusion Under Linear Constraints: Langevin Mixing and Information-Theoretic Guarantees Sharp Capacity Thresholds in Linear Associative Memory: From Winner-Take-All to Listwise Retrieval Expert Routing for Communication-Efficient MoE via Finite Expert Banks Contextual Memory-Enhanced Source Coding for Low-SNR Communications Realizable Bayes-Consistency for General Metric Losses Leveraging Code Automorphisms for Improved Syndrome-Based Neural Decoding A Hierarchical Sampling Framework for bounding the Generalization Error of Federated Learning Dueling DDQN-Based Adaptive Multi-Objective Handover Optimization for LEO Satellite Networks The Causal Description Gap: Information-Theoretic Separations Across Pearl's Hierarchy Optimization of CV-QKD Under Practical Constraints Benchmarking Wireless Representations: High-Dimensional vs. Compressed Embeddings for Efficiency and Robustness Real-Time Text Transmission via LLM-Based Entropy Coding over Fixed-Rate Channels SwiftChannel: Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design for Deep Learning-Based 5G Channel Estimation Evolving Token Communication with Parametric Memory Network Remote Action Generation: Remote Control with Minimal Communication The (Marginal) Value of a Search Ad: An Online Causal Framework for Repeated Second-price Auctions Stabilizing Private LASSO under Heterogeneous Covariates via Anisotropic Objective Perturbation Linear-Readout Floors and Threshold Recovery in Computation in Superposition Soft Graph Diffusion Transformer for MIMO Detection Hierarchical Federated Learning for Networked AI: From Communication Saving to Architecture-Aware Design Exponential families from a single KL identity MIFair: A Mutual-Information Framework for Intersectionality and Multiclass Fairness Diffusion-OAMP for Joint Image Compression and Wireless Transmission Decoupled Descent: Exact Test Error Tracking Via Approximate Message Passing
The Lossy Horizon: Error-Bounded Predictive Coding for Lo...
Nnamdi Aghanya, Jun Li, Kewei Wang · 2025-10-25 · via cs.IT updates on arXiv.org

Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve near-optimal lossless compression by acting as powerful probability models. We investigate their use in the lossy domain, where reconstruction fidelity is traded for higher compression ratios. This paper introduces Error-Bounded Predictive Coding (EPC), a lossy text codec that leverages a Masked Language Model (MLM) as a decompressor. Instead of storing a subset of original tokens, EPC allows the model to predict masked content and stores minimal, rank-based corrections only when the model's top prediction is incorrect. This creates a residual channel that offers continuous rate-distortion control. We compare EPC to a simpler Predictive Masking (PM) baseline and a transform-based Vector Quantisation with a Residual Patch (VQ+RE) approach. Through an evaluation that includes precise bit accounting and rate-distortion analysis, we demonstrate that EPC consistently dominates PM, offering superior fidelity at a significantly lower bit rate by more efficiently utilising the model's intrinsic knowledge.