























Molecular communication (MC) is emerging paradigm that employs molecules as information carriers, inspired by biological signaling processes. Existing modulation schemes such as on-off keying (OOK), although simple to implement, suffer from high error probability in dynamic or hard-to-estimate channels due to their dependence on accurate channel information (CI). This work develops a unified MC constellation framework that allows higher order modulation across multiple dimensions and designs efficient constellation for dynamic MC. We propose a general multi-axis concentration modulation (MAxCM(K,M)) of modulation order M, utilizing K-dimensional constellation space with each axis corresponding to a particular molecular type, and information is jointly encoded in their concentrations. The corresponding ML decoders are derived for both static and dynamic MC under exact and partial CI. We show that the use of MAxCM can provide improvements in spectral efficiency (SE) and error rate. We then focus on a special subclass, namely multiple-axis ratio shift keying (MAxRSK), that encodes information into the concentration ratios. Its ML decoder is shown to be a weighted combiner, and design constraints are derived to enable channel-independent decoding. We study one such example, symmetric binary RSK (SBRSK), to show its robustness in dynamic channel conditions compared to OOK. Numerical investigations show significant performance gains over OOK and provide insights into optimal constellation design and receiver configurations.
此内容由惯性聚合(RSS阅读器)自动聚合整理,仅供阅读参考。 原文来自 — 版权归原作者所有。