We perform a deeper analysis of an axiomatic approach to the concept of intrinsic dimension of a dataset proposed by us in the IJCNN'07 paper (arXiv:cs/0703125). The main features of our approach are that a high intrinsic dimension of a dataset reflects the presence of the curse of dimensionality (in a certain mathematically precise sense), and that dimension of a discrete i.i.d. sample of a low-dimensional manifold is, with high probability, close to that of the manifold. At the same time, the intrinsic dimension of a sample is easily corrupted by moderate high-dimensional noise (of the same amplitude as the size of the manifold) and suffers from prohibitevely high computational complexity (computing it is an $NP$-complete problem). We outline a possible way to overcome these difficulties.