Abstract:This letter develops an instantaneous-frequency (IF) local estimator calculated with the complex Teager-Kaiser energy operator (CTKEO) and the dynamic-signal identity. The contribution is a novel CTKEO-based IF expression that makes the envelope-curvature terms explicit, thus correcting the bias that affects conventional estimators used in power systems. The estimator aligns with complex-frequency (CF) kinematics and admits a geometric interpretation (curvature) without phase unwrapping. This yields an accurate local frequency estimate in operating conditions where magnitude variations contribute non-negligibly to the signal dynamics. Tests on field measurements illustrate the practical behavior of the proposed approach and its consistency with a geometric-frequency benchmark.
From: Federico Milano [view email]
[v1]
Wed, 21 Jan 2026 15:38:08 UTC (451 KB)
[v2]
Wed, 1 Jul 2026 14:14:09 UTC (143 KB)
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