This work proposes a novel adaptive background compensation scheme for frequency interleaved digital-to-analog converters (FI-DACs). The technique is applicable to high speed digital transceivers such as those used in coherent optical communications. Although compensation of FI-DACs has been discussed before in the technical literature, adaptive background techniques have not yet been reported. The importance of the latter lies in their capability to automatically compensate errors caused by process, voltage, and temperature variations in the echnology (e.g., CMOS, SiGe, etc.) implementations of the data converters, and therefore ensure high manufacturing yield. The key ingredients of the proposed technique are a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) equalizer and the backpropagation algorithm used to adapt the coefficients of the aforementioned equalizer. Simulations show that the impairments of the analog signal path are accurately compensated and their effect is essentially eliminated, resulting in a high performance transmitter system.