Abstract:This work presents the design and analysis of a sixth-order triple-coupled transformer-based tank, enabling third-harmonic expansion for mmWave VCOs. Unlike conventional fourth-order tanks, the proposed tank inherently supports three resonance modes, enabling wideband third-harmonic expansion without additional low-Q switched-capacitor tuning elements. In contrast to conventional class-F23 designs, the proposed VCO removes the head resonator and adopts a noise circulating core to maintain low phase noise with reduced area. Implemented in TSMC 65-nm CMOS, post-layout simulation results demonstrate a 21.03-23.99 GHz (13.5%) tuning range, minimum phase noise of -116.25 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset, and peak FoM/FoMT/FoMA of 195.86/198.24/212.31 dBc/Hz while consuming 5.4 mW and occupying 0.02268 mm2.
From: Narahari N Moudhgalya [view email]
[v1]
Wed, 29 Apr 2026 08:17:36 UTC (2,813 KB)
[v2]
Wed, 2 Sep 2026 05:02:08 UTC (2,813 KB)
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