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What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Learning Perturbations to Extrapolate Your LLM Byzantine-Robust Distributed Sparse Learning Revisited The Sample Complexity of Multiple Change Point Identification under Bandit Feedback A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling Model-based Bootstrap of Controlled Markov Chains Approximation of Maximally Monotone Operators : A Graph Convergence Perspective Posterior Contraction Rates for Sparse Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks in Anisotropic Besov Spaces MIST: Reliable Streaming Decision Trees for Online Class-Incremental Learning via McDiarmid Bound A Spectral Framework for Closed-Form Relative Density Estimation Fast Rates for Offline Contextual Bandits with Forward-KL Regularization under Single-Policy Concentrability Higher-Order Equilibrium Tracking for EM-Compressible Online Estimation Scaling Limits of Long-Context Transformers A Note on Non-Negative $L_1$-Approximating Polynomials Susceptibilities and Patterning: A Primer on Linear Response in Bayesian Learning 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American Options Pricing under Heston Model via Curriculum Learning in Coupled PINNs
Rohan, Siddanth Shetty, Amit N. Kumar · 2026-05-01 · via math.ST updates on arXiv.org

In American options, the early exercise feature allows the option to be exercised at any time prior to expiration. However, this flexibility introduces a challenge: the pricing model must value the option while simultaneously determining an unknown, time-varying exercise boundary. The Heston model is one of the most popular ways to model real market behavior because it allows volatility to change over time. However, unlike European options, there is no closed-form solution for American options under the Heston model, so we have to use numerical methods. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to solving the stochastic Heston partial differential equation for American options, using coupled physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to predict both the option price and the free boundary, while employing curriculum learning and adaptive resampling to stabilize model training. Our work builds on recent deep learning methods but introduces a more effective training strategy to address the limitations of these approaches. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed learning framework, providing a robust and efficient alternative to pricing American options, enabling rapid inference and accurate estimation under stochastic volatility.