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Recovering a (1+1)-dimensional wave equation from a singl...
Emilia L. K. Blåsten, Tapio Helin, Antti Kujanpää, Lauri Oksanen · 2025-03-24 · via math.ST updates on arXiv.org

We consider the following inverse problem: Suppose a $(1+1)$-dimensional wave equation on $\mathbb{R}_+$ with zero initial conditions is excited with a Neumann boundary data modelled as a white noise process. Given also the Dirichlet data at the same point, determine the unknown first order coefficient function of the system. We first establish that direct problem is well-posed. The inverse problem is then solved by showing that correlations of the boundary data determine the Neumann-to-Dirichlet operator in the sense of distributions, which is known to uniquely identify the coefficient. This approach has applications in acoustic measurements of internal cross-sections of fluid pipes such as pressurised water supply pipes and vocal tract shape determination.