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What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Learning Perturbations to Extrapolate Your LLM Byzantine-Robust Distributed Sparse Learning Revisited The Sample Complexity of Multiple Change Point Identification under Bandit Feedback A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling Model-based Bootstrap of Controlled Markov Chains Approximation of Maximally Monotone Operators : A Graph Convergence Perspective Posterior Contraction Rates for Sparse Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks in Anisotropic Besov Spaces MIST: Reliable Streaming Decision Trees for Online Class-Incremental Learning via McDiarmid Bound A Spectral Framework for Closed-Form Relative Density Estimation Fast Rates for Offline Contextual Bandits with Forward-KL Regularization under Single-Policy Concentrability Higher-Order Equilibrium Tracking for EM-Compressible Online Estimation Scaling Limits of Long-Context Transformers A Note on Non-Negative $L_1$-Approximating Polynomials Susceptibilities and Patterning: A Primer on Linear Response in Bayesian Learning Linear Response Estimators for Singular Statistical Models Statistical inference with belief functions: A survey Robust stochastic first order methods in heavy-tailed noise via medoid mini-batch gradient sampling Every Feedforward Neural Network Definable in an o-Minimal Structure Has Finite Sample Complexity Adaptive auditing of AI systems with anytime-valid guarantees Locally Near Optimal Piecewise Linear Regression in High Dimensions via Difference of Max-Affine Functions Risk-Controlled Post-Processing of Decision Policies Covariate Balancing and Riesz Regression Should Be Guided by the Neyman Orthogonal Score in Debiased Machine Learning A Unified Pair-GRPO Family: From Implicit to Explicit Preference Constraints for Stable and General RL Alignment Time-Inhomogeneous Preconditioned Langevin Dynamics A Fine-Grained Understanding of Uniform Convergence for Halfspaces CITE: Anytime-Valid Statistical Inference in LLM Self-Consistency Ratio-based Loss Functions Optimal Confidence Band for Kernel Gradient Flow Estimator A renormalization-group inspired lattice-based framework for piecewise generalized linear models
Gaussian Broadcast on Grids
Pakawut Jiradilok, Elchanan Mossel · 2024-02-19 · via math.ST updates on arXiv.org

Motivated by the classical work on finite noisy automata (Gray 1982, Gács 2001, Gray 2001) and by the recent work on broadcasting on grids (Makur, Mossel, and Polyanskiy 2022), we introduce Gaussian variants of these models. These models are defined on graded posets. At time $0$, all nodes begin with $X_0$. At time $k\ge 1$, each node on layer $k$ computes a combination of its inputs at layer $k-1$ with independent Gaussian noise added. When is it possible to recover $X_0$ with non-vanishing correlation? We consider different notions of recovery including recovery from a single node, recovery from a bounded window, and recovery from an unbounded window. Our main interest is in two models defined on grids: In the infinite model, layer $k$ is the vertices of $\mathbb{Z}^{d+1}$ whose sum of entries is $k$ and for a vertex $v$ at layer $k \ge 1$, $X_v=α\sum (X_u + W_{u,v})$, summed over all $u$ on layer $k-1$ that differ from $v$ exactly in one coordinate, and $W_{u,v}$ are i.i.d. $\mathcal{N}(0,1)$. We show that when $α<1/(d+1)$, the correlation between $X_v$ and $X_0$ decays exponentially, and when $α>1/(d+1)$, the correlation is bounded away from $0$. The critical case when $α=1/(d+1)$ exhibits a phase transition in dimension, where $X_v$ has non-vanishing correlation with $X_0$ if and only if $d\ge 3$. The same results hold for any bounded window. In the finite model, layer $k$ is the vertices of $\mathbb{Z}^{d+1}$ with nonnegative entries with sum $k$. We identify the sub-critical and the super-critical regimes. In the sub-critical regime, the correlation decays to $0$ for unbounded windows. In the super-critical regime, there exists for every $t$ a convex combination of $X_u$ on layer $t$ whose correlation is bounded away from $0$. We find that for the critical parameters, the correlation is vanishing in all dimensions and for unbounded window sizes.