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Abstract:We provide explicit formulas to diagonalize the Hamiltonian for the Heisenberg-Ising XXZ spin-1/2 chain on a discrete ring. Two distinguished bases for the Hilbert space include the basis labeled by the coordinates of the particle configurations and the basis obtained from the eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian. We diagonalize the Hamiltonian by providing an explicit transformation between these two distinguished bases. The transformation from the coordinate basis to the eigenbasis is given by the well-known coordinate Bethe Ansatz. Our contribution is the transformation from the eigenbasis to the coordinate basis, which we call the inverse coordinate Bethe Ansatz transformation/formula. We prove that the inverse coordinate Bethe Ansatz transformation is indeed the inverse of the transformation obtained from the Bethe Ansatz for the case of N = 2 particles and a ring of odd length L with a small nonzero anisotropy term $\Delta < (L-1)/(2L)$ and $\Delta$ outside some exceptional finite set. The case of N > 2 particles and a ring of odd length L is numerically confirmed for different arbitrary choices of parameters and is left as a conjecture. Additionally, assuming that the conjecture is true, we derive an exact formula for the one-point function of the system through special identities for the Izergin-Korepin determinant. Moreover, if the conjecture is true, this implies that the Bethe Anstaz is complete.

Submission history

From: Axel Saenz [view email]
[v1] Tue, 17 Jun 2025 04:26:52 UTC (1,055 KB)
[v2] Fri, 7 Aug 2026 11:43:50 UTC (1,078 KB)