We study the Gibbs dynamics for the Zakharov-Yukawa system on the two-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^2$, namely a Schrödinger-wave system with a Zakharov-type coupling $(-Δ)^γ$. We first construct the Gibbs measure in the weakly nonlinear coupling case ($0 \leq γ<1$). Combined with the non-construction of the Gibbs measure in the strongly nonlinear coupling case ($γ=1$) by Oh, Tolomeo, and the author (2020), this exhibits a phase transition at $γ= 1$. We also study the dynamical problem and prove almost sure global well-posedness of the Zakharov-Yukawa system and invariance of the Gibbs measure under the resulting dynamics for the range $ 0 \leq γ< \frac 13$. In this dynamical part, the main step is to prove local well-posedness. Our argument is based on the first order expansion and the operator norm approach via the random matrix/tensor estimate from a recent work Deng, Nahmod, and Yue (2020). In the appendix, we briefly discuss the Hilbert-Schmidt norm approach and compare it with the operator norm approach.