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Complement Submodular Information Measures for Balanced and Robust Data Selection A Proof of a Conjecture on Positive and Negative Square Energies of Unicyclic Graphs Laplacian Spectrum of the Weakly Zero-Divisor Graph of a Finite Commutative Ring An identity for second Eulerian numbers via lattice-point counting $t$-tone edge coloring of graphs Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials Mubayi's Polynomial-Ideal Conjecture and Cover-Ideal Turán Methods Implicit Binarization via Complex Phase Dynamics in Combinatorial Optimization The limits of Schur multipliers in Pólya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function Universality theorems for generalized splines Framing Triangulations for Arbitrary Integer Flow Polytopes On the Common Generalization of Gentle Algebras and Framed Directed Acyclic Graphs The complexity of frugal digraph homomorphisms Chaotic and periodic behavior of jeu de taquin on infinite Young tableaux Enumerating Pattern Avoiding Parking Functions Incidence toric ideals and three-point functions Unique Winning Opening Move in Three-Row Chomp Strong majority colorings of graphs A Balancing Theorem for Spanning Trees of Rectangular Grid Graphs Spectral radius and edge-disjoint connected factors of graphs New invariants for rank metric codes, with applications to the classification of rank two semifields of order 256 Flexible DP-4-coloring of planar graphs without 4-cycles and intersecting triangles Balanced intersection size distributions in projective planes List Reconstruction Problem with List Size Two Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? The INIEP: Irreducible and Positive Realizations The number of Pfaffian orientations on punctured polygonally cellulated surfaces Explicit Construction of Polytopes whose Ehrhart Polynomials Realize any Given Sign Pattern Finite-state enumeration of adjacency-constrained 132-avoiding permutations AMDS and quantum AMDS Constacyclic codes of length $4p^ς$ over $\mathbb{F}_{{p}^{m}}$
A lower bound for the complex flow number of a graph: a g...
Davide Mattiolo, Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo, Jozef Rajník, Gloria Taba · 2023-03-18 · via math.CO updates on arXiv.org

Let $r \geq 2$ be a real number. A complex nowhere-zero $r$-flow on a graph $G$ is an orientation of $G$ together with an assignment $\varphi\colon E(G)\to \mathbb{C}$ such that, for all $e \in E(G)$, the modulus of the complex number $\varphi(e)$ lies in the interval $[1,r-1]$ and, for every vertex, the incoming flow is equal to the outgoing flow. The complex flow number of a bridgeless graph $G$, denoted by $φ_{\mathbb{C}}(G)$, is the minimum of the real numbers $r$ such that $G$ admits a complex nowhere-zero $r$-flow. The exact computation of $φ_{\mathbb{C}}$ seems to be a hard task even for very small and symmetric graphs. In particular, the exact value of $φ_{\mathbb{C}}$ is known only for families of graphs where a lower bound can be trivially proved. Here, we use geometric and combinatorial arguments to give a non trivial lower bound for $φ_{\mathbb{C}}(G)$ in terms of the odd-girth of a cubic graph $G$ (i.e. the length of a shortest odd cycle) and we show that such lower bounds are tight. Our main result, Theorem 2, relies on the exact computation of the complex flow number of the wheel graph $W_n$ (see Theorem 1). In particular, we show that for every odd $n$, the value of $φ_{\mathbb{C}}(W_n)$ arises from one of three suitable configurations of points in the complex plane according to the congruence of $n$ modulo $6$.