A biperiodic planar network is a pair $(G,c)$ where $G$ is a graph embedded on the torus and $c$ is a function from the edges of $G$ to non-zero complex numbers. Associated to the discrete Laplacian on a biperiodic planar network is its spectrum: a triple $(C,S,ν)$, where $C$ is a curve and $S$ is a divisor on it. We give a complete classification of networks (modulo a natural equivalence) in terms of their spectral data. The space of networks has a large group of cluster automorphisms arising from the $Y-Δ$ transformations. We show that the spectrum provides action-angle coordinates for the discrete cluster integrable systems defined by these automorphisms.