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Complement Submodular Information Measures for Balanced and Robust Data Selection A Proof of a Conjecture on Positive and Negative Square Energies of Unicyclic Graphs Laplacian Spectrum of the Weakly Zero-Divisor Graph of a Finite Commutative Ring An identity for second Eulerian numbers via lattice-point counting $t$-tone edge coloring of graphs Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials Mubayi's Polynomial-Ideal Conjecture and Cover-Ideal Turán Methods Implicit Binarization via Complex Phase Dynamics in Combinatorial Optimization The limits of Schur multipliers in Pólya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function Universality theorems for generalized splines Framing Triangulations for Arbitrary Integer Flow Polytopes On the Common Generalization of Gentle Algebras and Framed Directed Acyclic Graphs The complexity of frugal digraph homomorphisms Chaotic and periodic behavior of jeu de taquin on infinite Young tableaux Enumerating Pattern Avoiding Parking Functions Incidence toric ideals and three-point functions Unique Winning Opening Move in Three-Row Chomp Strong majority colorings of graphs A Balancing Theorem for Spanning Trees of Rectangular Grid Graphs Spectral radius and edge-disjoint connected factors of graphs New invariants for rank metric codes, with applications to the classification of rank two semifields of order 256 Flexible DP-4-coloring of planar graphs without 4-cycles and intersecting triangles Balanced intersection size distributions in projective planes List Reconstruction Problem with List Size Two Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? The INIEP: Irreducible and Positive Realizations The number of Pfaffian orientations on punctured polygonally cellulated surfaces Explicit Construction of Polytopes whose Ehrhart Polynomials Realize any Given Sign Pattern Finite-state enumeration of adjacency-constrained 132-avoiding permutations AMDS and quantum AMDS Constacyclic codes of length $4p^ς$ over $\mathbb{F}_{{p}^{m}}$
Semi-equivelar toroidal maps and their k-edge covers
Arnab Kundu, Dipendu Maity · 2021-11-25 · via math.CO updates on arXiv.org

If the face\mbox{-}cycles at all the vertices in a map are of same type then the map is called semi\mbox{-}equivelar. A tiling is edge-homogeneous if any two edges with vertices of congruent face-cycles. In general, edge-homogeneous maps on a surface form a bigger class than edge-transitive maps. There are edge-homogeneous toroidal maps which are not edge\mbox{-}transitive. An edge-homogeneous map is called $k$-edge-homogeneous if it contains $k$ number of edge orbits. In particular, if $k=1$ then it is called edge-transitive map. In general, a map is called $k$-edge orbital or $k$-orbital if it contains $k$ number of edge orbits. A map is called minimal if the number of edges is minimal. A surjective mapping $η\colon M \to K$ from a map $M$ to a map $K$ is called a covering if it preserves adjacency and sends vertices, edges, faces of $M$ to vertices, edges, faces of $K$ respectively. Orbani{\' c} et al. and {\v S}ir{á}{\v n} et al. have shown that every edge-homogeneous toroidal map has edge-transitive cover. In this article, we show the bounds of edge orbits of edge-homogeneous toroidal maps. Using these bounds, we show the bounds of edge orbits of non-edge-homogeneous semi-equivelar toroidal maps. We also prove that if a edge-homogeneous map is $k$ edge orbital then it has a finite index $m$-edge orbital minimal cover for $m \le k$. We also show the existence and classification of $n$ sheeted covers of edge-homogeneous toroidal maps for each $n \in \mathbb{N}$. We extend this to non-edge-homogeneous semi-equivelar toroidal maps and prove the same results, i.e., if a non-edge-homogeneous map is $k$ edge orbital then it has a finite index $m$-edge orbital minimal cover (non-edge-homogeneous) for $m \le k$ and then classify them for each sheet.