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Complement Submodular Information Measures for Balanced and Robust Data Selection A Proof of a Conjecture on Positive and Negative Square Energies of Unicyclic Graphs Laplacian Spectrum of the Weakly Zero-Divisor Graph of a Finite Commutative Ring An identity for second Eulerian numbers via lattice-point counting $t$-tone edge coloring of graphs Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials Mubayi's Polynomial-Ideal Conjecture and Cover-Ideal Turán Methods Implicit Binarization via Complex Phase Dynamics in Combinatorial Optimization The limits of Schur multipliers in Pólya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function Universality theorems for generalized splines Framing Triangulations for Arbitrary Integer Flow Polytopes On the Common Generalization of Gentle Algebras and Framed Directed Acyclic Graphs The complexity of frugal digraph homomorphisms Chaotic and periodic behavior of jeu de taquin on infinite Young tableaux Enumerating Pattern Avoiding Parking Functions Incidence toric ideals and three-point functions Unique Winning Opening Move in Three-Row Chomp Strong majority colorings of graphs A Balancing Theorem for Spanning Trees of Rectangular Grid Graphs Spectral radius and edge-disjoint connected factors of graphs New invariants for rank metric codes, with applications to the classification of rank two semifields of order 256 Flexible DP-4-coloring of planar graphs without 4-cycles and intersecting triangles Balanced intersection size distributions in projective planes List Reconstruction Problem with List Size Two Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? The INIEP: Irreducible and Positive Realizations The number of Pfaffian orientations on punctured polygonally cellulated surfaces Explicit Construction of Polytopes whose Ehrhart Polynomials Realize any Given Sign Pattern Finite-state enumeration of adjacency-constrained 132-avoiding permutations AMDS and quantum AMDS Constacyclic codes of length $4p^ς$ over $\mathbb{F}_{{p}^{m}}$
Random Embeddings of Graphs: The Expected Number of Faces...
Jesse Campion Loth, Kevin Halasz, Tomáš Masařík, Bojan Mohar, Ro · 2022-11-02 · via math.CO updates on arXiv.org

A random 2-cell embedding of a connected graph $G$ in some orientable surface is obtained by choosing a random local rotation around each vertex. Under this setup, the number of faces or the genus of the corresponding 2-cell embedding becomes a random variable. Random embeddings of two particular graph classes, those of a bouquet of $n$ loops and those of $n$ parallel edges connecting two vertices, have been extensively studied and are well-understood. However, little is known about more general graphs. The results of this paper explain why Monte Carlo methods cannot work for approximating the minimum genus of graphs. In his breakthrough work [Permutation-partition pairs, JCTB 1991], Stahl developed the foundation of "random topological graph theory". Most of his results have been unsurpassed until today. In our work, we analyze the expected number of faces of random embeddings (equivalently, the average genus) of a graph $G$. It was very recently shown that for any graph $G$, the expected number of faces is at most linear. We show that the actual expected number of faces $F(G)$ is almost always much smaller. In particular, we prove: 1) $\frac{1}{2}\ln n - 2 < \mathbb{E}[F(K_n)] \le 3.65 \ln n +o(1)$. 2) For random graphs $G(n,p)$ ($p=p(n)$), we have $\mathbb{E}[F(G(n,p))] \le \ln^2 n+\frac{1}{p}$. 3) For random models $B(n,Δ)$ containing only graphs, whose maximum degree is at most $Δ$, we obtain stronger bounds by showing that the expected number of faces is $Θ(\log n)$.