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math.CO updates on arXiv.org

Complement Submodular Information Measures for Balanced and Robust Data Selection A Proof of a Conjecture on Positive and Negative Square Energies of Unicyclic Graphs Laplacian Spectrum of the Weakly Zero-Divisor Graph of a Finite Commutative Ring An identity for second Eulerian numbers via lattice-point counting $t$-tone edge coloring of graphs Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials Mubayi's Polynomial-Ideal Conjecture and Cover-Ideal Turán Methods Implicit Binarization via Complex Phase Dynamics in Combinatorial Optimization The limits of Schur multipliers in Pólya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function Universality theorems for generalized splines Framing Triangulations for Arbitrary Integer Flow Polytopes On the Common Generalization of Gentle Algebras and Framed Directed Acyclic Graphs The complexity of frugal digraph homomorphisms Chaotic and periodic behavior of jeu de taquin on infinite Young tableaux Enumerating Pattern Avoiding Parking Functions Incidence toric ideals and three-point functions Unique Winning Opening Move in Three-Row Chomp Strong majority colorings of graphs A Balancing Theorem for Spanning Trees of Rectangular Grid Graphs Spectral radius and edge-disjoint connected factors of graphs New invariants for rank metric codes, with applications to the classification of rank two semifields of order 256 Flexible DP-4-coloring of planar graphs without 4-cycles and intersecting triangles Balanced intersection size distributions in projective planes List Reconstruction Problem with List Size Two Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? The INIEP: Irreducible and Positive Realizations The number of Pfaffian orientations on punctured polygonally cellulated surfaces Explicit Construction of Polytopes whose Ehrhart Polynomials Realize any Given Sign Pattern Finite-state enumeration of adjacency-constrained 132-avoiding permutations AMDS and quantum AMDS Constacyclic codes of length $4p^ς$ over $\mathbb{F}_{{p}^{m}}$
Isomorphic unordered labeled trees up to substitution cip...
Florian Ingels, Romain Azaïs · 2021-05-12 · via math.CO updates on arXiv.org

Given two messages - as linear sequences of letters, it is immediate to determine whether one can be transformed into the other by simple substitution cipher of the letters. On the other hand, if the letters are carried as labels on nodes of topologically isomorphic unordered trees, determining if a substitution exists is referred to as marked tree isomorphism problem in the literature and has been show to be as hard as graph isomorphism. While the left-to-right direction provides the cipher of letters in the case of linear messages, if the messages are carried by unordered trees, the cipher is given by a tree isomorphism. The number of isomorphisms between two trees is roughly exponential in the size of the trees, which makes the problem of finding a cipher difficult by exhaustive search. This paper presents a method that aims to break the combinatorics of the isomorphisms search space. We show that in a linear time (in the size of the trees), we reduce the cardinality of this space by an exponential factor on average.