Abstract:The enumeration of diagonally symmetric alternating sign matrices (DSASMs) is studied, and a Pfaffian formula is obtained for the number of DSASMs of any fixed size, where the entries for the Pfaffian are positive integers given by simple binomial coefficient expressions. This result provides the first known case of an exact enumeration formula for an alternating sign matrix symmetry class in which a simple product formula does not seem to exist. Pfaffian formulae are also obtained for DSASM generating functions associated with several natural statistics, including the number of nonzero strictly upper triangular entries in a DSASM, the number of nonzero diagonal entries in a DSASM, and the column number of the unique 1 in the first row of a DSASM. The proofs of these results involve introducing a version of the six-vertex model whose configurations are in bijection with DSASMs of fixed size, and obtaining a Pfaffian expression for its partition function. Various related topics are also studied, involving diagonally symmetric permutation matrices, off-diagonally symmetric alternating sign matrices, certain natural involutions on DSASMs, and the asymptotic enumeration of DSASMs and other classes of alternating sign matrices.
From: Roger E. Behrend [view email]
[v1]
Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:49:07 UTC (71 KB)
[v2]
Mon, 31 Aug 2026 08:23:04 UTC (78 KB)
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