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Complement Submodular Information Measures for Balanced and Robust Data Selection A Proof of a Conjecture on Positive and Negative Square Energies of Unicyclic Graphs Laplacian Spectrum of the Weakly Zero-Divisor Graph of a Finite Commutative Ring An identity for second Eulerian numbers via lattice-point counting $t$-tone edge coloring of graphs Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials Mubayi's Polynomial-Ideal Conjecture and Cover-Ideal Turán Methods Implicit Binarization via Complex Phase Dynamics in Combinatorial Optimization The limits of Schur multipliers in Pólya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function Universality theorems for generalized splines Framing Triangulations for Arbitrary Integer Flow Polytopes On the Common Generalization of Gentle Algebras and Framed Directed Acyclic Graphs The complexity of frugal digraph homomorphisms Chaotic and periodic behavior of jeu de taquin on infinite Young tableaux Enumerating Pattern Avoiding Parking Functions Incidence toric ideals and three-point functions Unique Winning Opening Move in Three-Row Chomp Strong majority colorings of graphs A Balancing Theorem for Spanning Trees of Rectangular Grid Graphs Spectral radius and edge-disjoint connected factors of graphs New invariants for rank metric codes, with applications to the classification of rank two semifields of order 256 Flexible DP-4-coloring of planar graphs without 4-cycles and intersecting triangles Balanced intersection size distributions in projective planes List Reconstruction Problem with List Size Two Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? The INIEP: Irreducible and Positive Realizations The number of Pfaffian orientations on punctured polygonally cellulated surfaces Explicit Construction of Polytopes whose Ehrhart Polynomials Realize any Given Sign Pattern Finite-state enumeration of adjacency-constrained 132-avoiding permutations AMDS and quantum AMDS Constacyclic codes of length $4p^ς$ over $\mathbb{F}_{{p}^{m}}$
Cover-free families on graphs
Prangya Parida, Lucia Moura · 2026-05-13 · via math.CO updates on arXiv.org

A family of subsets of a $t$-set is a \emph{$d$-cover-free family} or $d$-CFF if no subset in the family is contained in the union of any $d$ other subsets. Let $t(d, n)$ denote the minimum $t$ for which there exists a $d$-CFF on a $t$-set with $n$ subsets. Since a $1$-CFF is the same as a Sperner family, using Sperner's theorem, we get $t(1, n) \sim \log_{2}(n)$ as $n$ grows. Erdös, Frankl, and Füredi (JCTA, 1982) proved that $3.106\log_{2}(n) < t(2,n) < 5.512\log_{2}(n)$. This paper focuses on generalizing $1$-CFF and $2$-CFF using a graph $G$ where vertices correspond to subsets in the set system. A $G$-Sperner$(t, n)$ is a family of subsets of a $t$-set such that each edge of $G$ specifies a pair of subsets not contained in each other, where as a $G$-CFF$(t, n)$ is a family of subsets of a $t$-set such that it is $G$-Sperner and the union of a pair of subsets corresponding to each edge of $G$ does not contain any other subset in the family. Let $t_s(G)$ and $t(G)$ denote the minimum $t$ for which there exist a $G$-Sperner$(t, n)$ and a $G$-CFF$(t, n)$, respectively. In this way, $t_s(K_n) = t(1, n)$ and $t(K_n) = t(2, n)$. Firstly, we prove $t_s(G) = t(1, χ(G))$ for any simple graph $G$ and provide various upper and lower bounds for $t(G)$. The \emph{trivial bound}, $t(1, n) \leq t(G) \leq t(2, n)$ holds for any simple graph $G$ with no isolated vertex, with the lower bound tight for an infinite family of star graphs and the upper bound tight for complete graphs. We study when these bounds can be improved and give better constructive upper bounds for families of graphs such as stars, paths, cycles, wheels, and windmill graphs. In particular, a construction based on mixed-radix Gray codes yields $\log_{2}(n) \leq t(P_n) \leq t(C_n) \leq 1.893\log_{2}(n) + \mathcal{O}(1)$ where $P_n$ and $C_n$ are paths and cycles with $n$ vertices.