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Complement Submodular Information Measures for Balanced and Robust Data Selection A Proof of a Conjecture on Positive and Negative Square Energies of Unicyclic Graphs Laplacian Spectrum of the Weakly Zero-Divisor Graph of a Finite Commutative Ring An identity for second Eulerian numbers via lattice-point counting $t$-tone edge coloring of graphs Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials Mubayi's Polynomial-Ideal Conjecture and Cover-Ideal Turán Methods Implicit Binarization via Complex Phase Dynamics in Combinatorial Optimization The limits of Schur multipliers in Pólya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function Universality theorems for generalized splines Framing Triangulations for Arbitrary Integer Flow Polytopes On the Common Generalization of Gentle Algebras and Framed Directed Acyclic Graphs The complexity of frugal digraph homomorphisms Chaotic and periodic behavior of jeu de taquin on infinite Young tableaux Enumerating Pattern Avoiding Parking Functions Incidence toric ideals and three-point functions Unique Winning Opening Move in Three-Row Chomp Strong majority colorings of graphs A Balancing Theorem for Spanning Trees of Rectangular Grid Graphs Spectral radius and edge-disjoint connected factors of graphs New invariants for rank metric codes, with applications to the classification of rank two semifields of order 256 Flexible DP-4-coloring of planar graphs without 4-cycles and intersecting triangles Balanced intersection size distributions in projective planes List Reconstruction Problem with List Size Two Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? The INIEP: Irreducible and Positive Realizations The number of Pfaffian orientations on punctured polygonally cellulated surfaces Explicit Construction of Polytopes whose Ehrhart Polynomials Realize any Given Sign Pattern Finite-state enumeration of adjacency-constrained 132-avoiding permutations AMDS and quantum AMDS Constacyclic codes of length $4p^ς$ over $\mathbb{F}_{{p}^{m}}$
The red-blue-yellow matching problem
Manuel Aprile, Marco Di Summa · 2026-03-19 · via math.CO updates on arXiv.org

We consider the red-blue-yellow matching problem: given two natural numbers $k_R$, $k_B$ and a graph $G$ whose edges are colored red, blue or yellow, the goal is to find a matching of $G$ that contains exactly $k_R$ red edges and exactly $k_B$ blue edges, and is of maximum cardinality subject to these constraints. This is a natural generalization of the well known red-blue matching problem, whose complexity status is unknown: although a randomized polynomial-time algorithm exists, a deterministic algorithm has remained elusive for nearly four decades. The best known deterministic approach to the red-blue matching problem, due to Yuster (2012), gives an additive approximation. In this paper, we show a similar result for the red-blue-yellow matching problem, giving a polynomial-time deterministic algorithm that, under natural assumptions, finds a matching satisfying the color requirements almost exactly and has cardinality within 3 of the optimal solution. Our algorithm is a mix of classic linear programming techniques and ad hoc existence results on restricted classes of graphs such as paths and cycles. As a key ingredient, we prove a curious topological property of plane curves, which is a strengthened version of a result by Grandoni and Zenklusen (2010) in the related context of budgeted matchings.