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Complement Submodular Information Measures for Balanced and Robust Data Selection On The Morse Ensemble Polynomial Of Simplicial Complexes A Proof of a Conjecture on Positive and Negative Square Energies of Unicyclic Graphs Laplacian Spectrum of the Weakly Zero-Divisor Graph of a Finite Commutative Ring An identity for second Eulerian numbers via lattice-point counting $t$-tone edge coloring of graphs Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials Mubayi's Polynomial-Ideal Conjecture and Cover-Ideal Turán Methods Implicit Binarization via Complex Phase Dynamics in Combinatorial Optimization The limits of Schur multipliers in Pólya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function Universality theorems for generalized splines Framing Triangulations for Arbitrary Integer Flow Polytopes On the Common Generalization of Gentle Algebras and Framed Directed Acyclic Graphs The complexity of frugal digraph homomorphisms Chaotic and periodic behavior of jeu de taquin on infinite Young tableaux Enumerating Pattern Avoiding Parking Functions Incidence toric ideals and three-point functions Unique Winning Opening Move in Three-Row Chomp Strong majority colorings of graphs A Balancing Theorem for Spanning Trees of Rectangular Grid Graphs Spectral radius and edge-disjoint connected factors of graphs New invariants for rank metric codes, with applications to the classification of rank two semifields of order 256 Flexible DP-4-coloring of planar graphs without 4-cycles and intersecting triangles Balanced intersection size distributions in projective planes List Reconstruction Problem with List Size Two Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? The INIEP: Irreducible and Positive Realizations The number of Pfaffian orientations on punctured polygonally cellulated surfaces Explicit Construction of Polytopes whose Ehrhart Polynomials Realize any Given Sign Pattern Finite-state enumeration of adjacency-constrained 132-avoiding permutations
Star-Shaped Integral Cartan-Type Matrices and an Egyptian...
Emilio Torrente-Lujan · 2026-05-22 · via math.CO updates on arXiv.org

We study a concrete family of symmetric integral $Z$-matrices attached to weighted star trees. The arms are ordinary type-$A$ chains and the central diagonal entry is an arbitrary positive integer $k$ rather than being fixed to the Cartan value $2$. This gives a matrix-theoretic and graph-theoretic version of the so called Berger construction: it extends the simply laced affine Dynkin stars while remaining accessible through elementary linear algebra. For a star with arm lengths $r_1,\ldots,r_m$ we compute the determinant, the inertia, the positive-definite and affine regimes, and the primitive positive null vector in the affine case. The affine condition is exactly the unit-fraction equation \[ \sum_{i=1}^m \frac{1}{r_i+1}=m-k, \] so the classification of these affine weighted trees reduces to a finite Egyptian-fraction enumeration for each fixed pair $(m,k)$. The classical affine diagrams $D_4^{(1)}$, $E_6^{(1)}$, $E_7^{(1)}$ and $E_8^{(1)}$ appear as small subfamilies, while higher-arm cases give new integral positive-semidefinite star matrices with explicit Coxeter labels.