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cs.RO updates on arXiv.org

FineCog-Nav: Integrating Fine-grained Cognitive Modules for Zero-shot Multimodal UAV Navigation DENALI: A Dataset Enabling Non-Line-of-Sight Spatial Reasoning with Low-Cost LiDARs SENSE: Stereo OpEN Vocabulary SEmantic Segmentation Continual Hand-Eye Calibration for Open-world Robotic Manipulation PLAF: Pixel-wise Language-Aligned Feature Extraction for Efficient 3D Scene Understanding GaussianFlow SLAM: Monocular Gaussian Splatting SLAM Guided by GaussianFlow GIST: Multimodal Knowledge Extraction and Spatial Grounding via Intelligent Semantic Topology $π_{0.7}$: a Steerable Generalist Robotic Foundation Model with Emergent Capabilities R3D: Revisiting 3D Policy Learning Vision-Based Safe Human-Robot Collaboration with Uncertainty Guarantees Benchmarking Classical Coverage Path Planning Heuristics on Irregular Hexagonal Grids for Maritime Coverage Scenarios NEAT-NC: NEAT guided Navigation Cells for Robot Path Planning HRDexDB: A Large-Scale Dataset of Dexterous Human and Robotic Hand Grasps ADAPT: Benchmarking Commonsense Planning under Unspecified Affordance Constraints An Intelligent Robotic and Bio-Digestor Framework for Smart Waste Management Efficient closed-form approaches for pose estimation using Sylvester forms World-Value-Action Model: Implicit Planning for Vision-Language-Action Systems A Nonasymptotic Theory of Gain-Dependent Error Dynamics in Behavior Cloning CooperDrive: Enhancing Driving Decisions Through Cooperative Perception SpaceMind: A Modular and Self-Evolving Embodied Vision-Language Agent Framework for Autonomous On-orbit Servicing HiVLA: A Visual-Grounded-Centric Hierarchical Embodied Manipulation System UMI-3D: Extending Universal Manipulation Interface from Vision-Limited to 3D Spatial Perception Towards Multi-Object-Tracking with Radar on a Fast Moving Vehicle: On the Potential of Processing Radar in the Frequency Domain Beyond Conservative Automated Driving in Multi-Agent Scenarios via Coupled Model Predictive Control and Deep Reinforcement Learning Failure Identification in Imitation Learning Via Statistical and Semantic Filtering A Dynamic-Growing Fuzzy-Neuro Controller, Application to a 3PSP Parallel Robot Vision-Language-Action Jump-Starting for Reinforcement Learning Robotic Agents A Mechanistic Analysis of Sim-and-Real Co-Training in Generative Robot Policies ESCAPE: Episodic Spatial Memory and Adaptive Execution Policy for Long-Horizon Mobile Manipulation Evolvable Embodied Agent for Robotic Manipulation via Long Short-Term Reflection and Optimization
3D-printed Soft Optical sensor with a Lens (SOLen) for li...
Diana Cafiso, Petr Trunin, Carolina Gay, Lucia Beccai · 2026-02-19 · via cs.RO updates on arXiv.org

Additive manufacturing is enabling soft robots with increasingly complex geometries, creating a demand for sensing solutions that remain compatible with single-material, one-step fabrication. Optical soft sensors are attractive for monolithic printing, but their performance is often degraded by uncontrolled light propagation (ambient coupling, leakage, scattering), while common miti- gation strategies typically require multimaterial interfaces. Here, we present an approach for 3D printed soft optical sensing (SOLen), in which a printed lens is placed in front of an emitter within a Y-shaped waveguide. The sensing mechanism relies on deformation-induced lens rotation and focal-spot translation, redistributing optical power between the two branches to generate a differential output that encodes both motion direction and amplitude. An acrylate polyurethane resin was modified with lauryl acrylate to improve compliance and optical transmittance, and single-layer optical characterization was used to derive wavelength-dependent refractive index and transmittance while minimizing DLP layer-related artifacts. The measured refractive index was used in simulations to design a lens profile for a target focal distance, which was then printed with sub-millimeter fidelity. Rotational tests demonstrated reproducible branch-selective signal switching over multiple cycles. These results establish a transferable material-to-optics workflow for soft optical sensors with lens with new functionalities for next-generation soft robots