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Abstract:While end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving has become the dominant research direction, production vehicles continue to rely on modular multi-NN pipelines for a non-trivial transitional period. The subject of this paper is the design of an architecture that, during this phase, supports a modular pipeline and an E2E path side by side and embeds a path for staged migration. Transplanted to a production SoC, egalitarian late fusion is compute-inefficient and offers no natural unit for staged E2E substitution. As an alternative, we propose three design principles: (i) Primary-Path, which selects a primary perception-to-planner chain and prioritizes its enclosure within a single SoC over the non-critical paths, (ii) Exposure-Time-Aligned, which propagates the primary sensor's exposure time $\tau_{\mathrm{exp}}$ as a tag along the chain and event-drives the fusion node on matched $\tau_{\mathrm{exp}}$ rather than a fixed cycle, and (iii) Co-Path Coexistence, which, building on (i) and (ii), lets an E2E output path co-run with the modular pipeline within the same $\tau_{\mathrm{exp}}$ cycle. On a Dual-SoC production AD-ECU, the implementation achieves a camera-shutter to planner-output latency of 296 ms on average within a 350 ms design budget, with the modular pipeline and the E2E path coexisting within the shared $\tau_{\mathrm{exp}}$ cycle.

Submission history

From: Toru Saito [view email]
[v1] Tue, 9 Jun 2026 13:33:48 UTC (3,055 KB)
[v2] Mon, 6 Jul 2026 05:27:54 UTC (3,056 KB)