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DUAL-BLADE: Dual-Path NVMe-Direct KV-Cache Offloading for Edge LLM Inference Progressive Semantic Communication for Efficient Edge-Cloud Vision-Language Models Efficient, VRAM-Constrained xLM Inference on Clients Folding Tensor and Sequence Parallelism for Memory-Efficient Transformer Training & Inference DORA: A Scalable Asynchronous Reinforcement Learning System for Language Model Training AMMA: A Multi-Chiplet Memory-Centric Architecture for Low-Latency 1M Context Attention Serving RaMP: Runtime-Aware Megakernel Polymorphism for Mixture-of-Experts Spark Policy Toolkit: Semantic Contracts and Scalable Execution for Policy Learning in Spark Internet of Everything in the 6G Era: Paradigms, Enablers, Potentials and Future Directions PolyKV: A Shared Asymmetrically-Compressed KV Cache Pool for Multi-Agent LLM Inference A Survey on Split Learning for LLM Fine-Tuning: Models, Systems, and Privacy Optimizations ITAS: A Multi-Agent Architecture for LLM-Based Intelligent Tutoring Latency and Cost of Multi-Agent Intelligent Tutoring at Scale TACO: Efficient Communication Compression of Intermediate Tensors for Scalable Tensor-Parallel LLM Training FreeScale: Distributed Training for Sequence Recommendation Models with Minimal Scaling Cost CommFuse: Hiding Tail Latency via Communication Decomposition and Fusion for Distributed LLM Training A Taxonomy and Resolution Strategy for Client-Level Disagreements in Federated Learning Usable Agent Discovery for Decentralized AI Systems Cloud to Edge: Benchmarking LLM Inference On Hardware-Accelerated Single-Board Computers Data-Free Contribution Estimation in Federated Learning using Gradient von Neumann Entropy Shard the Gradient, Scale the Model: Serverless Federated Aggregation via Gradient Partitioning Promoting Simple Agents: Ensemble Methods for Event-Log Prediction GraphLeap: Decoupling Graph Construction and Convolution for Vision GNN Acceleration on FPGA AGNT2: Autonomous Agent Economies on Interaction-Optimized Layer 2 Infrastructure FedSIR: Spectral Client Identification and Relabeling for Federated Learning with Noisy Labels Stream-CQSA: Avoiding Out-of-Memory in Attention Computation via Flexible Workload Scheduling A Delta-Aware Orchestration Framework for Scalable Multi-Agent Edge Computing Federated Learning over Blockchain-Enabled Cloud Infrastructure Optimal Routing for Federated Learning over Dynamic Satellite Networks: Tractable or Not? Sherpa.ai Privacy-Preserving Multi-Party Entity Alignment without Intersection Disclosure for Noisy Identifiers Preserving Clusters in Error-Bounded Lossy Compression of Particle Data Unlocking the Edge deployment and ondevice acceleration of multi-LoRA enabled one-for-all foundational LLM UCCL-Zip: Lossless Compression Supercharged GPU Communication Training Time Prediction for Mixed Precision-based Distributed Training Robust Synchronisation for Federated Learning in The Face of Correlated Device Failure Breaking the Training Barrier of Billion-Parameter Universal Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials A Fully GPU-Accelerated Framework for High-Performance Configuration Interaction Selection with Neural Network Quantum States DataCenterGym: A Physics-Grounded Simulator for Multi-Objective Data Center Scheduling Optimizing Stochastic Gradient Push under Broadcast Communications Scepsy: Serving Agentic Workflows Using Aggregate LLM Pipelines ARGUS: Agentic GPU Optimization Guided by Data-Flow Invariants Prefill-as-a-Service: KVCache of Next-Generation Models Could Go Cross-Datacenter Cooperate to Compete: Strategic Data Generation and Incentivization Framework for Coopetitive Cross-Silo Federated Learning Exploiting Correlations in Federated Learning: Opportunities and Practical Limitations ELMoE-3D: Leveraging Intrinsic Elasticity of MoE for Hybrid-Bonding-Enabled Self-Speculative Decoding in On-Premises Serving AgileLog: A Forkable Shared Log for Agents on Data Streams Secure and Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning Event Tensor: A Unified Abstraction for Compiling Dynamic Megakernel CUTEv2: Unified and Configurable Matrix Extension for Diverse CPU Architectures with Minimal Design Overhead Record-Remix-Replay: Hierarchical GPU Kernel Optimization using Evolutionary Search NimbusGuard: A Novel Framework for Proactive Kubernetes Autoscaling Using Deep Q-Networks Taming Asynchronous CPU-GPU Coupling for Frequency-aware Latency Estimation on Mobile Edge Rebooting Microreboot: Architectural Support for Safe, Parallel Recovery in Microservice Systems A-IO: Adaptive Inference Orchestration for Memory-Bound NPUs SMART: When is it Actually Worth Expanding a Speculative Tree? 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Dimensional Misalignment in Compressed LLMs veScale-FSDP: Flexible and High-Performance FSDP at Scale AEG: A Baremetal Framework for AI Acceleration via Direct Hardware Access in Heterogeneous Accelerators ACE-Bench: A Lightweight Benchmark for Evaluating Azure SDK Usage Correctness StreamServe: Adaptive Speculative Flows for Low-Latency Disaggregated LLM Serving Emergent Social Structures in Autonomous AI Agent Networks: A Metadata Analysis of 626 Agents on the Pilot Protocol SPEED-Bench: A Unified and Diverse Benchmark for Speculative Decoding Para-B&B: Load-Balanced Deterministic Parallelization of Solving MIP Rashomon Sets and Model Multiplicity in Federated Learning Characterizing WebGPU Dispatch Overhead for LLM Inference Across Four GPU Vendors, Three Backends, and Three Browsers Scalable Explainability-as-a-Service (XaaS) for Edge AI Systems NPU Design for Diffusion Language Model Inference PRAXIS: Integrating Program Analysis with Observability for Root-Cause Analysis BitFlipScope: Scalable Fault Localization and Recovery for Bit-Flip Corruptions in LLMs Cornfigurator: Automated Planning for Any-to-Any Multimodal Model Serving SHARe-KAN: Post-Training Vector Quantization for Cache-Resident KAN Inference Spira: Exploiting Voxel Data Structural Properties for Efficient Sparse Convolution in Point Cloud Networks Power to the Clients: Federated Learning in a Dictatorship Setting From Tokens to Layers: Redefining Stall-Free Scheduling for MoE Serving with Layered Prefill Speculative Actions: A Lossless Framework for Faster Agentic Systems InfiniPipe: Elastic Pipeline Parallelism for Efficient Variable-Length Long-Context LLM Training DPQuant: Efficient and Differentially-Private Model Training via Dynamic Quantization Scheduling HFX: Joint Design of Algorithms and Systems for Multi-SLO Serving and Fast Scaling Reliable Microservice Tail Latency Prediction via Decoupled Dual-Stream Learning and Gradient Modulation On the Surprising Effectiveness of a Single Global Merging in Decentralized Learning FedRef: Bayesian Fine-Tuning using a Reference Model to Mitigate Catastrophic Forgetting for Heterogeneous Federated Learning Sandwich: Joint Configuration Search and Hot-Switching for Efficient CPU LLM Serving MegaScale-Data: Scaling Dataloader for Multisource Large Foundation Model Training RESFL: An Uncertainty-Aware Framework for Responsible Federated Learning by Balancing Privacy, Fairness and Utility BatchLLM: Optimizing Large Batched LLM Inference with Global Prefix Sharing and Throughput-oriented Token Batching Deep Optimizer States: Towards Scalable Training of Transformer Models Using Interleaved Offloading CoreGuard: Safeguarding Foundational Capabilities of LLMs Against Model Stealing in Edge Deployment Cloudless-Training: A Framework to Improve Efficiency of Geo-Distributed ML Training
The Cost of Garbage Collection for State Machine Replication
Zhiying Liang, Vahab Jabrayilov, Aleksey Charapko, Abutalib Agha · 2024-05-18 · via cs.DC updates on arXiv.org

State Machine Replication (SMR) protocols form the backbone of many distributed systems. Enterprises and startups increasingly build their distributed systems on the cloud due to its many advantages, such as scalability and cost-effectiveness. One of the first technical questions companies face when building a system on the cloud is which programming language to use. Among many factors that go into this decision is whether to use a language with garbage collection (GC), such as Java or Go, or a language with manual memory management, such as C++ or Rust. Today, companies predominantly prefer languages with GC, like Go, Kotlin, or even Python, due to ease of development; however, there is no free lunch: GC costs resources (memory and CPU) and performance (long tail latencies due to GC pauses). While there have been anecdotal reports of reduced cloud cost and improved tail latencies when switching from a language with GC to a language with manual memory management, so far, there has not been a systematic study of the GC overhead of running an SMR-based cloud system. This paper studies the overhead of running an SMR-based cloud system written in a language with GC. To this end, we design from scratch a canonical SMR system -- a MultiPaxos-based replicated in-memory key-value store -- and we implement it in C++, Java, Rust, and Go. We compare the performance and resource usage of these implementations when running on the cloud under different workloads and resource constraints and report our results. Our findings have implications for the design of cloud systems.