The introduction of Bitcoin fueled the development of blockchain-based resilient data management systems that are resilient against failures, enable federated data management, and can support data provenance. The key factor determining the performance of such resilient data management systems is the consensus protocol used by the system to replicate client transactions among all participants. Unfortunately, existing high-throughput consensus protocols are costly and impose significant latencies on transaction processing, which rules out their usage in responsive high-performance data management systems. In this work, we improve on this situation by introducing the Proof-of-Execution consensus protocol (PoE), a consensus protocol designed for high-performance low-latency resilient data management. PoE introduces speculative execution, which minimizes latencies by starting execution before consensus is reached, and PoE introduces proof-of-executions to guarantee successful execution to clients. Furthermore, PoE introduces a single-round check-commit protocol to reduce the overall communication costs of consensus. Hence, we believe that PoE is a promising step towards flexible general-purpose low-latency resilient data management systems.