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On the Security of Research Artifacts SafeHarbor: Hierarchical Memory-Augmented Guardrail for LLM Agent Safety Agentic Vulnerability Reasoning on Windows COM Binaries From Beats to Breaches:How Offensive AI Infers Sensitive User Information from Playlists Undetectable Backdoors in Model Parameters: Hiding Sparse Secrets in High Dimensions When Embedding-Based Defenses Fail: Rethinking Safety in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems Token-Efficient Change Detection in LLM APIs Selfie-Capture Dynamics as an Auxiliary Signal Against Deepfakes and Injection Attacks for Mobile Identity Verification Trident: Improving Malware Detection with LLMs and Behavioral Features When Alignment Isn't Enough: Response-Path Attacks on LLM Agents RefusalGuard: Geometry-Preserving Fine-Tuning for Safety in LLMs Checkerboard: A Simple, Effective, Efficient and Learning-free Clean Label Backdoor Attack with Low Poisoning Budget Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking Secret Stealing Attacks on Local LLM Fine-Tuning through Supply-Chain Model Code Backdoors Enhancing Linux Privilege Escalation Attack Capabilities of Local LLM Agents Defusing the Trigger: Plug-and-Play Defense for Backdoored LLMs via Tail-Risk Intrinsic Geometric Smoothing Evaluating Jailbreaking Vulnerabilities in LLMs Deployed as Assistants for Smart Grid Operations: A Benchmark Against NERC Standards Behavioral Canaries: Auditing Private Retrieved Context Usage in RL Fine-Tuning FlexServe: A Fast and Secure LLM Serving System for Mobile Devices with Flexible Resource Isolation Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Models Text Steganography with Dynamic Codebook and Multimodal Large Language Model TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models Fundamental Limitations of Favorable Privacy-Utility Guarantees for DP-SGD Symbolic Guardrails for Domain-Specific Agents: Stronger Safety and Security Guarantees Without Sacrificing Utility Hardening x402: PII-Safe Agentic Payments via Pre-Execution Metadata Filtering QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Hijacking Text Heritage: Hiding the Human Signature through Homoglyphic Substitution Like a Hammer, It Can Build, It Can Break: Large Language Model Uses, Perceptions, and Adoption in Cybersecurity Operations on Reddit Private Seeds, Public LLMs: Realistic and Privacy-Preserving Synthetic Data Generation One Word at a Time: Incremental Completion Decomposition Breaks LLM Safety
Markov Game Modeling of Moving Target Defense for Strateg...
Ankur Chowdhary, Sailik Sengupta, Dijiang Huang, Subbarao Kambha · 2018-12-23 · via cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

The processing and storage of critical data in large-scale cloud networks necessitate the need for scalable security solutions. It has been shown that deploying all possible security measures incurs a cost on performance by using up valuable computing and networking resources which are the primary selling points for cloud service providers. Thus, there has been a recent interest in developing Moving Target Defense (MTD) mechanisms that helps one optimize the joint objective of maximizing security while ensuring that the impact on performance is minimized. Often, these techniques model the problem of multi-stage attacks by stealthy adversaries as a single-step attack detection game using graph connectivity measures as a heuristic to measure performance, thereby (1) losing out on valuable information that is inherently present in graph-theoretic models designed for large cloud networks, and (2) coming up with certain strategies that have asymmetric impacts on performance. In this work, we leverage knowledge in attack graphs of a cloud network in formulating a zero-sum Markov Game and use the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) to come up with meaningful utility values for this game. Then, we show that the optimal strategy of placing detecting mechanisms against an adversary is equivalent to computing the mixed Min-max Equilibrium of the Markov Game. We compare the gains obtained by using our method to other techniques presently used in cloud network security, thereby showing its effectiveness. Finally, we highlight how the method was used for a small real-world cloud system.