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Agentic Vulnerability Reasoning on Windows COM Binaries From Beats to Breaches:How Offensive AI Infers Sensitive User Information from Playlists Undetectable Backdoors in Model Parameters: Hiding Sparse Secrets in High Dimensions When Embedding-Based Defenses Fail: Rethinking Safety in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems Token-Efficient Change Detection in LLM APIs Selfie-Capture Dynamics as an Auxiliary Signal Against Deepfakes and Injection Attacks for Mobile Identity Verification Trident: Improving Malware Detection with LLMs and Behavioral Features When Alignment Isn't Enough: Response-Path Attacks on LLM Agents RefusalGuard: Geometry-Preserving Fine-Tuning for Safety in LLMs Checkerboard: A Simple, Effective, Efficient and Learning-free Clean Label Backdoor Attack with Low Poisoning Budget Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking Secret Stealing Attacks on Local LLM Fine-Tuning through Supply-Chain Model Code Backdoors Enhancing Linux Privilege Escalation Attack Capabilities of Local LLM Agents Defusing the Trigger: Plug-and-Play Defense for Backdoored LLMs via Tail-Risk Intrinsic Geometric Smoothing Evaluating Jailbreaking Vulnerabilities in LLMs Deployed as Assistants for Smart Grid Operations: A Benchmark Against NERC Standards Behavioral Canaries: Auditing Private Retrieved Context Usage in RL Fine-Tuning FlexServe: A Fast and Secure LLM Serving System for Mobile Devices with Flexible Resource Isolation Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Models Text Steganography with Dynamic Codebook and Multimodal Large Language Model An AI Agent Execution Environment to Safeguard User Data TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models Fundamental Limitations of Favorable Privacy-Utility Guarantees for DP-SGD Symbolic Guardrails for Domain-Specific Agents: Stronger Safety and Security Guarantees Without Sacrificing Utility Hardening x402: PII-Safe Agentic Payments via Pre-Execution Metadata Filtering QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Hijacking Text Heritage: Hiding the Human Signature through Homoglyphic Substitution Like a Hammer, It Can Build, It Can Break: Large Language Model Uses, Perceptions, and Adoption in Cybersecurity Operations on Reddit Private Seeds, Public LLMs: Realistic and Privacy-Preserving Synthetic Data Generation One Word at a Time: Incremental Completion Decomposition Breaks LLM Safety Measuring and Exploiting Contextual Bias in LLM-Assisted Security Code Review
CVA6's Data cache: Structure and Behavior
Valentin Martinoli, Yannick Teglia, Abdellah Bouagoun, Régis Lev · 2022-02-08 · via cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Since Spectre and Meltdown's disclosure in 2018, a new category of attacks has been identified and characterized by the scientific community. The Foreshadow attack, which was the first one to target Intel's secure enclave technology (namely SGX) has been developed shortly after. It opened the way to micro architectural attacks on Intel's architecture, and led to the quick development of micro architectural attacks until today. While Spectre and Meltdown are often considered as the first micro architectural attacks, one can argue that cache attacks, as introduced by Osvik et al. in 2006, can be seen as the first types of micro architectural attacks that were developed. Now, even though there are many variants, they are still the most prominent type of micro architectural attacks. One example of cache micro architectural covert-channel is the Prime+Probe. Lately targeting the Intel architecture, the micro architectural attacks are now challenging a wider variety of CPUs. Recently, CPUs running the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture have been targeted. One famous and widely used RISC-V CPU is the ETH Zurich's CVA6 (formerly Ariane) core. CVA6 is a 6-stage, single issue, in-order CPU. To the best of our knowledge, there is no existing document presenting very detailed aspects of the CVA6's micro architecture, especially with respect to the data cache. Such information is mandatory to deeply understand any architectural or micro architectural study successfully, such as the replication of the Prime+Probe attack on the CVA6 CPU proposed by Nils Wistoff. This paper presents the implementation of the Data cache in the CVA6 CPU from OpenHW Group by focusing on its memory structure and explaining through several examples what happens when a request for memory allocation occurs.