Abstract:Provenance graph analysis plays a vital role in intrusion detection, particularly against Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs), by exposing complex attack patterns. While recent systems combine graph neural networks (GNNs) with natural language processing (NLP) to capture structural and semantic features, their effectiveness is limited by class imbalance in real-world data. To address this, we introduce PROVSYN, a novel hybrid provenance graph synthesis framework, which comprises three components: (1) graph structure synthesis via heterogeneous graph generation models, (2) textual attribute synthesis via fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs), and (3) five-dimensional fidelity evaluation. Experiments on six benchmark datasets demonstrate that PROVSYN consistently produces higher-fidelity graphs across the five evaluation dimensions compared to four strong baselines. To further demonstrate the practical utility of PROVSYN, we utilize the synthesized graphs to augment training datasets for downstream APT detection models. The results show that PROVSYN effectively mitigates data imbalance, improving normalized entropy by up to 0.35 in absolute terms, and enhances the generalizability of downstream detection models, yielding an absolute increase of up to 0.38 in balanced accuracy.
From: Yi Huang [view email]
[v1]
Fri, 6 Jun 2025 16:41:17 UTC (320 KB)
[v2]
Wed, 25 Feb 2026 07:54:34 UTC (722 KB)
[v3]
Mon, 20 Apr 2026 11:25:09 UTC (615 KB)
[v4]
Fri, 14 Aug 2026 08:05:18 UTC (614 KB)
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