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cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Agentic Vulnerability Reasoning on Windows COM Binaries From Beats to Breaches:How Offensive AI Infers Sensitive User Information from Playlists Undetectable Backdoors in Model Parameters: Hiding Sparse Secrets in High Dimensions When Embedding-Based Defenses Fail: Rethinking Safety in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems Token-Efficient Change Detection in LLM APIs Selfie-Capture Dynamics as an Auxiliary Signal Against Deepfakes and Injection Attacks for Mobile Identity Verification Trident: Improving Malware Detection with LLMs and Behavioral Features When Alignment Isn't Enough: Response-Path Attacks on LLM Agents RefusalGuard: Geometry-Preserving Fine-Tuning for Safety in LLMs Checkerboard: A Simple, Effective, Efficient and Learning-free Clean Label Backdoor Attack with Low Poisoning Budget Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking Secret Stealing Attacks on Local LLM Fine-Tuning through Supply-Chain Model Code Backdoors Enhancing Linux Privilege Escalation Attack Capabilities of Local LLM Agents Defusing the Trigger: Plug-and-Play Defense for Backdoored LLMs via Tail-Risk Intrinsic Geometric Smoothing Evaluating Jailbreaking Vulnerabilities in LLMs Deployed as Assistants for Smart Grid Operations: A Benchmark Against NERC Standards Behavioral Canaries: Auditing Private Retrieved Context Usage in RL Fine-Tuning FlexServe: A Fast and Secure LLM Serving System for Mobile Devices with Flexible Resource Isolation Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Models Text Steganography with Dynamic Codebook and Multimodal Large Language Model An AI Agent Execution Environment to Safeguard User Data TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models Fundamental Limitations of Favorable Privacy-Utility Guarantees for DP-SGD Symbolic Guardrails for Domain-Specific Agents: Stronger Safety and Security Guarantees Without Sacrificing Utility Hardening x402: PII-Safe Agentic Payments via Pre-Execution Metadata Filtering QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Hijacking Text Heritage: Hiding the Human Signature through Homoglyphic Substitution Like a Hammer, It Can Build, It Can Break: Large Language Model Uses, Perceptions, and Adoption in Cybersecurity Operations on Reddit Private Seeds, Public LLMs: Realistic and Privacy-Preserving Synthetic Data Generation One Word at a Time: Incremental Completion Decomposition Breaks LLM Safety Measuring and Exploiting Contextual Bias in LLM-Assisted Security Code Review
Making Code Re-randomization Practical with MARDU
Christopher Jelesnianski, Jinwoo Yom, Changwoo Min, Yeongjin Jan · 2019-09-20 · via cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Defense techniques such as Data Execution Prevention (DEP) and Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) were the early role models preventing primitive code injection and return-oriented programming (ROP) attacks. Notably, these techniques did so in an elegant and utilitarian manner, keeping performance and scalability in the forefront, making them one of the few widely-adopted defense techniques. As code re-use has evolved in complexity from JIT-ROP, to BROP and data-only attacks, defense techniques seem to have tunneled on defending at all costs, losing-their-way in pragmatic defense design. Some fail to provide comprehensive coverage, being too narrow in scope, while others provide unrealistic overheads leaving users willing to take their chances to maintain performance expectations. We present Mardu, an on-demand system-wide re-randomization technique that improves re-randomization and refocuses efforts to simultaneously embrace key characteristics of defense techniques: security, performance, and scalability. Our code sharing with diversification is achieved by implementing reactive and scalable, rather than continuous or one-time diversification while the use of hardware supported eXecute-only Memory (XoM) and shadow stack prevent memory disclosure; entwining and enabling code sharing further minimizes needed tracking, patching costs, and memory overhead. Mardu's evaluation shows performance and scalability to have low average overhead in both compute-intensive (5.5% on SPEC) and real-world applications (4.4% on NGINX). With this design, Mardu demonstrates that strong and scalable security guarantees are possible to achieve at a practical cost to encourage deployment.